Foundation of Research Methods (1) Flashcards
Research
a type of systematic investigation that is empirical in nature and is designed to contribute to public knowledge
Research enterprise
The macro level effort to accumulate knowledge across multiple empirical systematic public research projects
Translational research
research practice continuum
Systematic effort to move research from initial discovery to practice and ultimately to impacts on our lives
Basic research
designed to generate discoveries and understand how they work
Applied research
a discovery is tested under increasingly controlled conditions in real-world contexts
Implementation & Dissemination research
assesses how well an innovation or discovery can be distributed in and carried out in a broad range of contexts that extend beyond the original controlled studies
Impact research
assesses the broader effects of a discovery or innovation on society
Policy research
designed to investigate existing policies or develop and test new ones
Research synthesis
systematic study of multiple prior research projects that address the same research question or topic and that summarizes the results in a manner that can be used by practitioners
Meta-analysis
uses statistical methods to combine the results of similar studies quantitatively in order to allow general conclusions to be made
systematic review
focuses on a specific question or issue and uses pre-planned methods to identify, select, assess and summarize the findings and multiple research studies
Evidence-based practice (EBP)
A movement designed to encourage or require practitioners to employ practices that are based on research evidence as reflected in research synthesis or practice guidelines
Request by proposal (RFP)
agency approaches and requests to research a specific topic, for which they will pay
Literature review
A systematic compilation and written summary of all the literature published in scientific journals that is related to a research topic of interest
Peer review
reviewing potential research publications ( anonymous)
high credibility
Descriptive studies
designed primarily to document what is going on or what exists
Relational studies
look at the relationships between two or more variables
Causal studies
Investigate a causal relationship between two variables
cross- sectional study
takes place at a single point in time
longitudinal study
takes place over time ( multiple measurement waves)
repeated measures
two or more waves of measurement over time
time series
many waves of measurement over time
Correlational relationship
two things performed in a synchronized manner
third variable or missing variable problem
unobserved variable that accounts for a correlational between two variables
Deduction
Top-down research
Theory-> Hypothesis-> Observation -> Confirmation
Inductive
Bottom-up reasoning
Observation-> Pattern -> tentative hypothesis -> Theory
Operationalization
The act of translating a construct into its manifestation
Validity
the best available approximation of the truth of a given proposition, inference or conclusion
