Foundation Engineering PDF

Question 1

A footing carrying single column

Answer 1

Spread footing

Question 2

Its function is to “spread” the column load laterally to the soil so that the stress intensity is reduced to a value that the soil can safely carry.

Answer 2

Spread footing

Question 3

Can be classified as wall and column footing.

Answer 3

Spread footing

Question 4

Simply a strip of reinforced concrete, wider that the wall, that distributes its pressure.

Answer 4

Wall footing

Question 5

Usually square, sometimes rectangular, and represents the simplest and most economical type.

Answer 5

Single column footing

Question 6

Design Procedures:

Answer 6

A. Proportioning of footing
B. Structural design of footing

Question 7

Concrete cover minimum for foundation

Answer 7

75mm

Question 8

Concrete cover minimum for beams

Answer 8

40mm

Question 9

Nilalagay para lumutang yung mga bakal sa footing

Answer 9

Spacer block

Question 10

Surcharge

Answer 10

q

Question 11

Allowable soil pressure or allowable bearing capacity

Answer 11

qa

Question 12

Depth of soil

Answer 12

Ds

Question 13

Depth of footing

Answer 13

Df

Question 14

Thickness of concrete

Answer 14

Dc

Question 15

It is obtained by using the services of geotechnical engineer. Will determine safe values from the principles of soil mechanics based on test borings, load tests, and other experimental investigations.

Answer 15

Allowable soil pressure, qa

Question 16

Where allowable stress or allowable strength design is used.

Answer 16

Basic load combinations

Question 17

When using these, a one third increase shall be permitted in allowable stresses for all combinations, including W or E

Answer 17

Alternate Basic Load Combinations

Question 18

Load due to fluids with well - defined pressures and maximum heights

Answer 18

F

Question 19

Load due to lateral pressure of soil and water in soil

Answer 19

H

Question 20

Roof live load, including any permitted live load reduction

Answer 20

Lr

Question 21

Rain load on the undeflected roof

Answer 21

R

Question 22

Self - straining force and effects arising from contraction or expansion resulting from temperature change, shrinkage, moisture change, creep in component materials, movement due to differential settlement, or combination thereof

Answer 22

T

Question 23

Load due to wind pressure

Answer 23

W

Question 24

Ratio of long side to short side of concentrated load or reaction area

Answer 24

B

Question 25

Perimeter of critical section

Answer 25

bo

Question 26

Critical area

Answer 26

Ao

Question 27

Nominal shear strength

Answer 27

Vn

Question 28

Effective depth

Answer 28

d

Question 29

The total effective depth of bottom reinforcement is at least ____.

Answer 29

150mm

Question 30

Reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across the entire width of footings

Answer 30

One way footings

Question 31

In square, reinforcement shall be distributed uniformly across entire width of footing in both directions.

Answer 31

Two way footings

Question 32

Minimum area of flexural reinforcement

Answer 32

As min

Question 33

Shall be provided at every section where tension reinforcement is required by analysis

Answer 33

As min

Question 34

Minimum steel ratio

Answer 34

P min

Question 35

Clear spacing

Answer 35

Sc

Question 36

For parallel non prestressed reinforcement in a horizontal layer, _______ shall be at least the greatest of 25mm, db and 4/3 MSA

Answer 36

Clear spacing

Question 37

Shall not be spaced farther apart than three times the wall or slab thickness, 3Dc, nor farther than 450mm

Answer 37

Primary flexural reinforcement

Question 38

If ld min > ld available

Answer 38

Provide standard hooks

Question 39

All forces acting at the base of a column shall be transferred into the footing by ____________ and by _________, ___________, and _________.

Answer 39

Bearing on concrete Reinforcement, dowels, and mechanical connectors

Question 40

Bearing strength of concrete

Answer 40

fc

Question 41

Column area or the loaded area

Answer 41

A1

Question 42

Supporting area

Answer 42

A2

Question 43

Development length

Answer 43

Ldc