Fossil Fuels

Question 1

Fossil fuels

Answer 1

Finite resources means cannot be replaced as once extracted from the ground

Question 2

Coal

Answer 2

Energy created through the burning of coal
Hot water turns the coal into steam and build up high pressure and used the spin a turbine (which is connected to electrical generator creating electricity)

Question 3

Advantages to coal

Answer 3

Enough coal on earth to last is 100 years

Produces high amounts of electricity

Question 4

Disadvantage to coal

Answer 4

Co2 emissions when burnt contributing to global warming

Damage to natural land when mining takes place

Question 5

Natural gas

Answer 5

Commonly produced off shore and transported through pipelines to a gas powered electricity station

Question 6

Shale gas

Answer 6

Obtained through a process known as cracking large rocks underground

Question 7

Advantages natural gas

Answer 7

Emits less co2 than coal or oi

UK has shale gas deposits

Question 8

Disadvantage natural gas

Answer 8

Highly flammable - if there’s a gas leak and explosion can happen
Extraction of gas might cause polllution in waters

Question 9

Oil

Answer 9

Very little of UKs electricity comes from oil as it’s mainly used for fuels or turned into plastics
Very small amount burned to heat water, create steam, to generate electricity

Question 10

Advantages oil

Answer 10

Small amount of oil can produce a lot of electricity

Easy to store and transport

Question 11

Disadvantage oil

Answer 11

Creates significant amount of air pollution when burned

Considerate impact on water, land use and disposal

Question 12

Types of fossil fuels

Answer 12

Oil
Gas
Coal

Question 13

Nuclear power

Answer 13

Huge amount of energy can be produced through the nuclear processes using a small amount of uranium. Energy produced as heat through the fission.

Question 14

Advantages nuclear

Answer 14

No harmful gas are released

Process is clean and efficient

Question 15

Disadvantage nuclear

Answer 15

Waste the process creates is radioactive and creates serious damage to environment
Cost of nuclear power stations is very large

Question 16

Renewable energy examples

Answer 16

Wind 
Solar
Tidal
Hydroelectric 
Biomass

Question 17

Advantages wind power

Answer 17

Wind energy is constantly available and sustainable

No costs for wind and running costs is low

Question 18

Disadvantage wind power

Answer 18

There are times when there’s little or no wind
Make a lot of noise -> disturbs people and wildlife
Many people don’t like how it look and feel it spoils the look of the natural landscape

Question 19

Solar

Answer 19

Made from photovoltaic cells which harnesses the suns light energy and convert in into electricity.

Question 20

Advantages solar

Answer 20

Clean renewable energy source
Reduces household energy bills
Need little maintenance and can be used from remote locations

Question 21

Disadvantage solar

Answer 21

Some people don’t like the look of solar panels
Expensive to install
Only work in sunny conditions

Question 22

Tidal

Answer 22

The movement of turbines in the water use a generator to convert movement from the tide or waves into electricity.

Question 23

Advantages tidal

Answer 23

Clearness, renewable energy source
Consistent and predictable
Tidal power lasts for a long time

Question 24

Disadvantage tidal

Answer 24

Expensive to build
Disturb or harm the sea
Difficult to access for maintenance and repair

Question 25

Hydroelectric power (HEP)

Answer 25

A reservoir of water is created with a dam. The dam controls the flow of water out of the reservoir.

Question 26

Advantages hydroelectric power

Answer 26

Clean renewable energy source

No pollution

Question 27

Disadvantage hydroelectric power’

Answer 27

Objection from people in the surrounding environment
Affects wildlife by flooding
Expensive

Question 28

Biomass

Answer 28

Energy involving growing plants or using animal material to burn to produce heat

Question 29

Advantages biomass

Answer 29

Cheap and readily available source of energy.

If replaced, they can be a long-term, sustainable energy source.

Question 30

Disadvantage biomass

Answer 30

Greenhouse gases are released (water vapour, co2, methane)

When burned, they give off atmospheric pollutants.