Formulating National Security Policy and Strategy

Question 1

Donald Nuechterlein

“Defining National Interests: An Analytic Framework”

Answer 1

i. “National Interest” has been defined in many ways, depending mostly on the IR theory of the particular author (e.g.”realist” perspective of Morgenthau, or “idealist” theories epitomized by Woodrow Wilson). But Neuchterlein argues that there exists an “interest matrix” in “national interest” with four principal factors: 1) Defense of Homeland; 2) Economic well being; 3)Favorable World Order; and, 4) Promotion of Values. There is a corresponding scale of importance: 1) Survival (critical); 2) Vital (dangerous); 3) Major (serious); and, 4) peripheral (bothersome). It is important to define “National Interest” in a practical and meaningful way in order for appropriate action to be taken at an appropriate level.The National Interest Matrix is one tool for accomplishing these goals.

Question 2

Derek Lutterbeck

“Arab Uprisings and Armed Forces: Between Openness and Resistance”

Answer 2

Divergent responses of armed forces to the popular uprisings [in the Islamic World] can be explained by two main factors: 1) the degree of institutionalism of the armed forces, and 2) their relationship to society at large.

States with low institutionalism and low relationship to the society at large are more likely to use force.