Forms of Matter

Question 1

An extremely high-energy state where quarks and gluons are free, believed to have existed right after the Big Bang.

Answer 1

Quark-Gluon Plasma

Question 2

Similar to BEC but made of fermions (e.g., electrons), crucial in superconductivity research.

Answer 2

Fermionic Condensate

Question 3

Forms at near absolute zero, where atoms behave as a single quantum entity. (e.g., supercooled rubidium atoms)

Answer 3

Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC)

Question 4

Ionized gas with free-moving electrons and charged particles, found in high-energy environments. (e.g., lightning, stars, neon signs)

Answer 4

Plasma

Question 5

No fixed shape or volume; particles move rapidly and expand to fill space. (e.g., oxygen, carbon dioxide, steam)

Answer 5

Gas

Question 6

Definite shape and volume; particles are tightly packed. (e.g., ice, metal, wood)

Answer 6

Solid

Question 7

Definite volume but takes the shape of its container; particles can move freely. (e.g., water, oil, alcohol)

Answer 7

Liquid

Question 8

A state where a solid exhibits superfluid properties, meaning it can flow like a liquid while maintaining a rigid structure.

Answer 8

Supersolid

Question 9

A phase of matter with zero viscosity, allowing it to flow without resistance. (e.g., liquid helium at very low temperatures)

Answer 9

Superfluid