Formatives Flashcards
increased risk of what after splenectomy
infection with encapsulated bacteria e.g. Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B.
A 36 year old woman presents with a one month history of hearing loss on the right side. The tympanic membrane is dull and indrawn. Rinne’s test; bone conduction is better than air conduction on the right side, the reverse on the left. There is cervical lymphadenopathy and some inflammation visible in the postnasal space. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
acute middle ear effusion
Ix for bronchiolitis whih would reveal the diagnosis
nasopharyngeal asirate
A baby born at 25 weeks gestation is noted to have a loud continuous murmur, bounding peripheral pulses and cardiomegaly on day 5 of life. What is the most likely congenital heart defect?
PDA
Open angle glaucoma =
- painless, no acute attacks
- gradual progressive visual field loss
- increased cup to disc ratio on fundoscopy
A 1 year old boy presents with an acute onset of cough, wheeze and respiratory distress; there has been no previous medical history of note. What would be the most important diagnosis to exclude?
Foreign body inhalation
A 2 year old girl presents with weight falling across three centiles on her growth chart. Her urinalysis is positive for glucose and protein. You suspect possible proximal renal tubular dysfunction. What is predominantly reabsorbed in the proximal renal tubule?
Phosphate
Which of the following is true of Neisseria meningitides type B infection such as meningitis and septicaemia?
Is more common in infancy than primary school age kids
Which drug used in asthma is an anticholinergic drug?
ipatropium bromide
Blood spot screening
- ongenital hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, phenylketonuria, medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, sickle cell disease, isovaleric acidaemia, maple syrup urine disease, glutaric aciduria type 1 and homocystinuria.
A 10 day old breast fed infant is admitted to the Emergency Department with poor feeding, severe hypoglycaemia and drowsiness. Which condition, routinely screened for on neonatal blood spot testing in the UK, is most likely to be responsible?
Medium chain acyl – CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
A 6 month old infant presents to the GP with a head circumference which plots above the 98th centile. The infant is clinically well and developing normally. What is the commonest cause of a large head?
familial macrocephaly
You are asked to look at a 7 week old full-term baby with a birth mark. You diagnose strawberry naevus. What feature is associated with this condition?
multiple lesions may be present
Which one of the following is true regarding child abuse?
emotional abuse is usually part of all other forms of abuse
A 12 year old child sustains a nail puncture wound to the right foot through an old shoe. Three days later the patient complains of pain, swelling and reduced movement in the foot. What is the most likely causative organism for the presumed foot infection?
staph a
A 3 year old boy has intermittent diarrhoea and abdominal pain. He is also noted to a weight which plots below the second centile. What is the most likely diagnosis?
coeliac
A new born infant is found to have a femoral fracture. Which one of the following statements is true?
moro reflex absent
A 9 month old infant is diagnosed with his first non-coliform urinary tract infection (UTI). He requires intravenous antibiotic therapy. Which of the following investigations is the most useful to detect renal scarring caused by childhood UTIs?
DMSA
A 14 year old boy presents with malaise and excessive tiredness. You suspect he may have chronic fatigue syndrome. Which one of the following is true regarding this condition?
Most patients have a good LT outcome with appropriate Tx
A 4 year old boy has persistent constipation. What is the most appropriate stool softener to use in this situation?
polyethene glycol
In developmental assessment, at what age should investigations be considered if a child is not smiling responsively?
8 weeks
A 43 year old man presents with a 6 month history of progressive unilateral right sided hearing loss and right-sided tinnitus. Examination reveals a partial lower motor neurone lesion affecting the right facial nerve. Rinne’s test; air conduction is better than bone conduction both sides. What is the most appropriate diagnosis?
acoustic neuroma
A 3 year old is admitted to hospital having suffered a five minute duration generalised tonic clonic seizure associated with a temperature of 39oC. Which of the following is true regarding simple febrile convulsions?
30% of children will suffer a further episode
Neonates in the UK are routinely screened for which of the following?
sickle cell
