Formative assessment (Immunology) Flashcards
What are the two types of immune response in humans?
A) Immunological tolerance
B) Immune surveillance
C) Innate and acquired
D) Intrinsic and extrinsic
E) Overt and covert
C) Innate and acquired
What cell type is described below?
These are the most abundant white blood cell in humans and are characterised by the multi-lobed shape of their nucleus.
A) Macrophage
B) Neutrophil
C) Eosinophil
D) Mast cell
E) Fibroblast
A) Macrophage
Which antigen presenting cell is considered a professional at activating lymphocytes?
A) Neutrophils
B) Mast cells
C) Macrophages
D) Dendritic cells
E) Monocyte
D) Dendritic cells
Which of the following is not a component of innate immune mechanisms?
A) Mucosa
B) Inflammatory mechanisms
C) Antibody production
D) Skin
E) Antimicrobial peptides
C) Antibody production
Antigen presenting cells process and present antigens for recognition by:
A) Neutrophils
B) Red blood cells
C) Eosinophils
D) T cells
D) T cells
Which of the following are features of the adaptive immune response
A) Does not require prior contact with the pathogen
B) It works with B and T lymphocytes
C) Lacks specificity
D) Distinguishes “self” from “non-self”
E) Enhanced by complement
B) It works with B and T lymphocytes
Complements are the proteins that are involved in the clearance of antigen/bacteria. Which of the following is not part of the Elimination phase of complement activation?
A) Opsonisation
B) Production of interferons
C) Target cell lysis
D) Chemoattraction of leukocytes
E) Phagocytosis
B) Production of interferons
Which of the following are administered as a live attenuated vaccine in the UK?
A) Hepatitis A
B) Tetanus
C) MMR
D) Flu
E) BCG (TB)
C) MMR
AND
E) BCG (TB)
Polysaccharide vaccines are composed of long chains of sugar molecules that make up the surface capsule of certain bacteria. These vaccines are available for the treatment of which of the following diseases?
A) Pneumococcal disease
B) Influenza type b
C) Rabies
D) Salmonella Typhi
E) Meningococcal disease
A) Pneumococcal disease
D) Salmonella Typhi
E) Meningococcal disease
Influenza vaccine is targeted towards ‘at risk’ groups in the UK. Which of the following are classified as ‘at risk’?
A) Asthmatics
B) 16 years old
C) Diabetics
D) The obese of any age
E) 6 months of age and over
E) 6 months of age and over
Which of the following is not an organ-specific auto-immune disease?
A) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
B) Graves disease
C) Ulcerative colitis
D) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
E) Sjogren’s syndrome
C) Ulcerative colitis
Which of the following are classical PAMPs?
A) Flagellin, a protein found in bacterial flagella
B) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
C) Peptidoglycan, found in bacterial cell walls
D) Lipoarabinomannan of mycobacteria
E) Interleukin 12
A) Flagellin, a protein found in bacterial flagella
B) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
C) Peptidoglycan, found in bacterial cell walls
D) Lipoarabinomannan of mycobacteria
