Formation- Reward/ need satisfaction theory

Question 1

Who proposed the Reward/Need satisfaction theory?

Answer 1

Byrne and Clore

Question 2

Outline the main ideas of the Reward/Need Satisfaction theory

Answer 2

We enter into relationships with those who create positive feelings in us, either because they have become associated with positive stimuli (classical conditioning) or becuase of their ability to reward us directly (operant conditioning)

Question 3

Why are rewards important to relationship formation? (which conditioning theory?)

Answer 3

Rewarding stimuli produces positive feelings- works on the principles of operant conditioning- likely to repeat a behaviour if it leads to desirable outcome. Enter into a relationship because the prescence of individual= directly asssociated with creating positive feelings in us- makes them more attractive

Question 4

Importance of attraction through association?

Answer 4

We like people who are associated with pleasant events. If we meet someone when we feel happy we are more likely to like them.
A previously neutral stimuli is now postively valued because of this association- classical conditioning. when postive outweighs negative relationship forms

Question 5

Attraction through association is part of which conditioning theory?

Answer 5

Classical conditioning- previously neutral stimuli paired with unconditioned stimulus (happiness) to produce conditioned response (attraction). Neutral stimuli of person= now a conditioned stimulus for attraction.

Question 6

Research support of importance of reward (criticism of research too)

Answer 6

Griffit and Guay- participants evaluated on creative task by an experimenter- then asked to rate how much they liked the experimenter. Highest ratings when experimenter= positive
-Lacks mundane realism- lab study

Question 7

Physiological support for Byrne and Clore

Answer 7

Aron et al- participants measure highly on self-report questionnaire for being in love= strong activity in subcortial reward regions of the brain

Question 8

Cultural bias of Byrne and Clore

Answer 8

Lott- in many culutres women are more focused on meeting the needs of other than receiving reinforcemrnt- theory not a universal explanation

Question 9

Reductionism of Byrne and Clore

Answer 9

Only explores receiving of rewards