Formation Checkride Flashcards
Formation Takeoff restrictions
-No standing water/ice/slush/snow
-150’ wide runway
-xwind less than15 knots
-Takeoff roll <=70% of runway
-PWC or approach mins
-Not over raised approach end Bak-9/12/14
What is the max number of aircraft allowed in formation?
2
What is the minimum spacing between aircraft?
Wingtip clearance with element lead, 50’ spacing for solos
Max altitude for formations
FL350
When is a radio call mandatory for lead change?
Night or IMC
Min maneuvering AS for formation?
150 KIAS
What are the lost wingman procedures for level flight?
- Simultaneously transition to instruments and inform lead.
- 15* for 15 seconds
- Resume original heading
- Obtain a separate clearance.
What are the lost wingman procedures inside of the turn?
- Transition to instruments
- Reduce power for nose tail separation
- Inform lead to rollout
- Maintain bank to ensure separation
- Obtain a separate clearance
What are the lost wingman procedures for the outside of the turn?
- Transition to instruments
- reverse direction of turn 15* for 15 seconds.
- continue straight ahead once separation is ensured
- resume turn once separation is ensured
- Obtain a separate clearance.
What are the lost wingman procedure on final approach
- Transition to instruments
- momentarily turn away to ensure separation.
- Initiate a climb
- Inform lead
- Proceed to the missed approach point and execute the missed approach
- Obtain a separate clearance.
What are the lost wingman procedures for missed approach?
- Transition to instruments
- momentarily turn away to ensure separation
- Inform lead
- initiate a 500’ climb above MAP and continue with missed approach instructions.
- Obtain separate clearance
What are the parameters lead should transmit if 2 goes lost wingman?
Attitude, heading, altitude and airspeed
Minimum weather requirement for a VFR join-up underneath a ceiling?
1500/3
What are the restrictions on a formation approach?
-Instrument or VFR straight in
-500’ or 1 1/2 SM
-2 aircraft max
-aircraft must be similarly configured
-Solo low approach limited to 300’AGL
What are the restrictions on formation landings?
No allowed
Define chase position
30-60* out to 1000’
Below what altitude AGL doe the chase aircraft have to stack higher than lead?
1000’
What is the minimum altitude a chase aircraft can fly to?
300’ AGL unless safety or circumstances dictate otherwise
During a turning rejoin from an interval take-off, what bank angle should lead not exceed?
30
When should a lead change not be initiated?
When wingman is further back than normal fingertip/ route or is more than 30* back from line abreast.
What is the minimum altitude for changing leads in VMC over land? Water? IMC or Night?
500/1000/1500 unless on radar downwind
Describe the visual signal for HEFOE.
Clenched first held up to the top then fingers for the following
1. Hydro
2. Electrical
3. Fuel
4. Oxygen
5. Engine
Fist=multiple systems
What is the visual signal for a descent to a lower altitude?
Hand at the top of the canopy, palm down fingers extended make plane landing motion.
Visual signal for tactical formation?
Make a series of porpoising maneuvers.
How long should a wingman delay his break after lead?
5 seconds for 3000’
8 seconds for 6000’
What is lead responsible for ensuring bot aircraft are blind on an instrument trail departure?
1000’ altitude separation
500’ minimum
Describe Fingertip
Wingman looks down leading edge of the wing, head abeam the slab bolt
Define route
2 ship widths to 500’, line abreast no further aft than normal fingertip, stack level
Define close trail?
1-2 ships behind lead, just under leads jet wash. Line up lead’s slab from the midpoint to the outer 2/3 of leads aileron. Space between leads tail and trailing edge of the wing.
When do you breakout?
HITS
hazard
in front of lead
told to
lose sight
What is aspect angle?
The angle measured from the tail of one aircraft to the position of another aircrafts position.
What is fighting wing position?
Cone 30-45* 500-1500’
Define tac position
line abreast to 10* aft, 4000-6000’ wide, +/-2000’ stack
In what order do you fix tac position?
Line, spacing, stack
How do you execute a tactical contract turn?
- Mil power, G to maintain altitude and airspeed.
- 2nd aircraft may use altitude, G or airspeed to maintain position
As a guide, how do you determine when to start a 90 degree tac turn?
Initiate just prior to a rapid increase in lead’s LOS. Approximately at the point when the pilot is just prior to looking down the intakes.
How do you fix being behind or too close in tac?
Begin turn earlier
How do you fix being forward or wide in tac?
Begin turn later
Standard formation?
1 NM +/-100’ stack
What are lead procedure for interval takeoff?
Mil up to 300 knots then power as required to hold 300
What speed is tac flown after the fence out?
300
If flight members are sharing air and power who gets what?
1,3 get air and start
2,4 get power
During IMC instrument trail departure the last aircraft of the formation will squawk _____ until rejoined?
0000
