Form, Structure, Function Flashcards
Annual herbaceous plants
Live for a single growing season (germinate, grow, form flowers & produce fruits and seeds)
Biennial herbaceous plants
Live for 2 years, plants are vegetative in the 1st year and produce flowers/ fruits/seeds in the second year
Perennial herbaceous plants
Live for 3+ years, flower and fruit yearly, once plants get to maturity
Woody plants are always ____
Prennial
Lianas need …..
Woody, cannot sustain themselves, need physically support
Monocarpic plants are….
Perennial but produce flowers and fruits only once in their lifetime and die
Meristems are responsible for….which is a result of…..
Plant growth and development; miotic cell division
Characterisitics of meristems
- Plastids?
- Least differentiated cell
- Small densely back, no intercellular space
- Cell wall is thin, cellulosic
- Dense protoplasm (living part of the cell)
- Small vacuoles
- No differentiated plastids
Primordial meristem
Found in?
Characterize the embryo, found in the apical meristem
Primary meristem
Produced by?
Generate?
- Produced by the primordial meristem
- Generate primary tissue
Secondary meristem
Produced by?
Generate?
- Develop from mature primary tissue through cell dedifferentiation
- Generate secondary tissue
Primary meristems (3)
Protoderm, ground, procambium
Intercalary are found…
at stem nodes
Lateral meristems (2)
Secondary meristems
Vascular cambium
Cork cambium
Lateral meristems generate growth in….
Thickness
(Lat. meri) Vascular cambium produces…
Secondary xylem towards the interior and secondary phloem at the exterior
(Lat. meri) Cork cambium produces…
the periderm (bark)
Totipotency
Each plant has the potential to reproduce the entire plant organism
Callus?
Explant?
- Growing mass of cells that divide mitotically (Heals plant wounds)
- Explant: Part used to generate callus. Usually apical shoot of leaves
Parenchyma
- Presence?
- Consists of?
- Roles?
- Origin?
- Most abundant tissue
- Living cells with thin cellulosic walls
- Storage of nutrients, air, water, photosynthesis
- Either primary or secondary
Collenchyma Function? Originates from? Location? Primary or secondary?
- Mechanical support or flexibility function - provides elasticity
- Living tissue that originates from paren. in which the primary walls become thickened at the corners with cellulose
- Ribs of stems and petioles, immediately under epidermis
- Primary
Petiole?
Stalk that attaches a leaf to the stem
Sclerenchyma
Function?
Made up of?
Primary or secondary?
- Mechanical/resistance function/elasticity (most often physical hardness/toughness)
- Dead cells, primary cell walls become thick with lignin
- Either (more specialized & diverse)
Sclerids
Length and width are more or less equal
