Forest and wildlife resources Flashcards
Biodiversity
its immensely rich in wildlife and cultivated species diverse in form and function but integrated through multiple networks of interdependencies
why is conservation of wildlife and forestry essential?
-preserve ecological diversity
-preserve our life support systems- air, water, soil
-preserve genetic diversity for better growth of species and for breeding. eg. agriculure- traditional crop vareties, fisheries- depend on aqatic biodiversity
Indian wildlife act 1972 provisions
-various provisions for protecting habitats
-all india list of protected species
-aim: protect the the remaining population of endagered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats and restricting trade in wildlife
-subsequently, many central and state govt.s began establishing wildlife sanctuaries and national parks
-central govt also announced several projects for protecting specific animals which were gravely threatened- tiger, one horned rhinoceros, kashmir stag, 3 types of crocodiles, asiatic lion, etc
project tiger
-1973
-authorities realised
-tiger population
-55000-1827: turn of the century
-major threats: poaching for trade, shrinking habitat, depletion of prey based species, growing human population, etc.
-trade of tiger skins and use of their bones in traditional medicines- especially asian countries has left the tiger population on the verge of extinction
-India and Nepal- 2/3 of surviving population- prime targets of poaching and illegal trading
-project tiger- launched in 1973
-tiger conservation has been viewed not only as an effort to save an endangered species but with equal importance of preserving biotypes of sizeable magnitude
-corbett national park- Uttarakhand, Sunderbans national park - WB, Bandhavgarh National Park- MP, Sariska wildlife sanctuary- Rajasthan, Manas Tiger reserve- Assam, Periyar Tiger reserve- Kerala——- Important tiger reserves in India
types of forests
-reserved: more than half of total forest land, most valuable as far as the conservation of forrest and wildlife resources is concerned
-protected forests- almost 1/3 of total forest area. protected form any further depletion
-unclassed forests- forests and wastelands belonging to both govt and private individuals and communities
-reserved and protected: permanent foredt estates- maintained for priducing timber, other forest goods and for protective reasons
- MP- largest area under peramanent -75% of total forest area, JK, AP, TN, Uttarakhand, WB, Kerala: ;arge % of tfa under reserved
-Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, HP, Rajasthan- protected
-all NE states, parts of GJ -unclassed managed byy local communities
Community and conservation
-Sariska tiger reserve- mining
-Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri
-chipko
-beej bachao andolan- Tehri
-Navdanya
-JFM 1988
