Forensic Analysis of Blood- Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why should body fluids be identified?

A
  1. To help prove an element of a crime
  2. To provide a linkage between individuals/scenes/objects
  3. To help interpret genetic data
  4. To assist in the reconstruction of events
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2
Q

What are the 2 categories of identification tests?

A
  1. Presumptive Tests
  2. Confirmatory Tests
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3
Q

What are Presumptive Tests for?

A

To screen specimens that MIGHT contain the substance of interest

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4
Q

What are Confirmatory Tests for?

A

To CONFIRM that the specimen contains the substance of interest
(Are entirely specific for the substance for which it is intended)

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5
Q

What is the initial examination designed for?

A

Evaluating stains for possible evidentiary value

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6
Q

Definition of Blood…

A

Slightly alkaline fluid consisting of water, cells, enzymes, proteins, and inorganic substances

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7
Q

What is the function of Blood?

A

Circulates through the body to supply nutrients and oxygen to the body, and removes waste

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of Blood Cells?

A
  1. Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
  2. White Blood Cells (leucocytes)
  3. Platelets (thrombocytes)
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9
Q

What is Plasma?

A

The liquid portion of blood

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10
Q

What is Plasma composed of?

A

Water, proteins, and electrolytes

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11
Q

Antigens (Ag)

A

Proteins and carbohydrates that are responsible for blood type characteristics

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12
Q

Antibodies (Ab)

A

Located in the plasma

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13
Q

What are the most common agents for colorimetric assays?

A
  1. Phenolphthalein (Kastle Meyer)
  2. Leucomalachite green (LMG)
  3. Hemastix
  4. Benzidine Dertivatives (TMB)
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14
Q

What tests are used to determine species origin of blood?

A
  1. Ouchterlony test (anti-hemoglobin)
  2. RSID (anti-glycophorin A)
  3. ABAcard Hematrace (anti-hemoglobin)
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15
Q

What is the High Dose Hook Effect?
NEED TO KNOW!

A

Describes a WRONG LOW measurement of analytes which are present in the specimen in a VERY HIGH concentration

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