Foreign Policy Flashcards
Today, the United States confronts a ______ ______ that is rapidly changing and marked by new challenges.
global enviroment
_____ _____ consists of the strategies and goals that guide a nation’s relations with other countries and groups in the world.
Foreign Policy
The specific strategies that make up U.S., foreign policy from year to year change in response to changes in the ______ _____.
International environment
The long-term goals of that policy remain constant, reflecting both nation’s ____ and its ___-___.
ideals and it’s self interests
The principal goal of American foreign policy is to preserve the _____ of the United States.
security
National security means ____ of nation’s borders and territories against invasion or control by foreign powers.
protection
In today’s global economy national security means more than ______ _____.
military defense
______ _____ with other nations and preserving access to necessary natural resources have also been basic goals U.S. foreign policy.
Maintaining trade
Productive American ____ and ____ need foreign markets in which to sell their goods.
factories and farms
Generally, the United States supports trade is ___ from both export and import restrictions.
free
American leaders also work for ____ ___ because they believe it helps the nations avoid outside conflicts and aids national security.
world peace
The United States tries to help other nations settle _____ and has also supplied _____ aid to at-risk countries.
disputes
economic aid
The rise of terrorist groups, along with terrorist attacks, have made the goal of world peace an even ______ challenge
greater
The United States aids democratic nations and helps others create democratic political systems. IE. ___ _____, ______, ___, ____
South Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, Afghanistan
The United States has responded by providing _____, _____ ____, and ______ ______ for humanitarian reasons.
food, medical supplies, and technical assistance
This aid serves the strategic interests of the United States by maintaining _____ ______ in the world.
Political stability
Until the late 1800s, American foreign policy was based on _______.
isolationism
__________ the avoidance of involvement in world affairs.
Isolationism
When _____ ____ became president in 1789, the U.S. was a small nation in deep debt.
George Washington
In 1823 President ____ ____ announced a new foreign policy known as the Monroe Doctrine.
James Monroe
It began to look for world markets for its products and for new sources of _____ _____.
raw materials
For some government leaders, isolationism no longer fit the US’s role as an _____ ____.
economic power
The U.S. leaders of the time believed the nation needed to expand and acquire a _____ empire.
colonial
In 1898 the U.S. fought the ____ _____ ____.
Spanish American War
As a result, the U.S. acquired the ______ islands, _____, and _____ ____.
Philippine islands, Guam, and Puerto Rico
The United States was now a major in the _____ as well as the _____ region and East Asia.
Caribbean
Pacific
When World War I began in Europe in 1914, _______ sentiment in the United States was still strong.
isolationist
Disillusioned by the terrible cost of war, American returned to _______.
isolationism
When World War II began in 1939, the United States officially remained _____.
neutral
The ______ attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, however, drew the United States into war.
Japanese
Since World War II, U.S. foreign policy has been based on _______.
internationalism
U.S. government leaders viewed the power of the ______ ____ as a threat to national security.
Soviet Union
Between 1945 and 1949, the Soviet Union established control over the governments of _______ European countries.
Eastern
In _____ Chinese Communists seized control of China.
1949
The Communist takeovers in the nations convinced American leaders that they must halt ________ aggression.
Communist
The ____ ___ was a war of words and ideologies rather than a shooting war.
Cold War
With the threat of expanding communism, the U.S. drew upon ideas of ____ F. ____, an American and expert on Soviet history and culture.
George F. Kennan
The U.S. would create a policy known as ________.
containment
_______ was the policy to keep the Soviet Union from expanding its powers.
Containment
America Also tried to stop the spread of communism by giving _____ aid to nations they said were threatened by totalitarian regimes.
economic
President _____ ____ announced what later became known as the Truman Doctrine in a speech in 1947.
Harry Truman
Months later the ______ ___ provided badly needed economic aid for war-torn Europe.
Marshall Plan
Cold War tensions and fears also led to an ____ ___.
arms race
The Cold War policy of containment drew the U.S. into two wars:
Korea and Vietnam
In the ______ War the U.S. aided pro-American South Korea when it was invaded by communist North Korea.
Korean
Truman saw the invasion of South Korea an _______ by the Soviet Union and sent the American troops there under UN sponsorship.
expansionism
In the _____ War, the United States committed troops for many years to fight on the side of the South Vietnamese government against Communist N. Vietnam.
Vietnam
In 1989, the ___ ___ dividing Communist East Germany from the democratic West Germany was torn down by demonstrators.
Berlin Wall
U.S. troops were sent across the globe while policymakers called on the U.S. to stay involved in world politic to
- Protect American trade interests.
- encourage democracy
- Advance human rights
In 1990 Iraq’s leader _____ _____, invaded neighboring Kuwait threatening Middle eastern oil supplies.
Saddam Hussein
These actions included a program of inspections aimed at preventing Iraq from developing _____of ____ _______.
weapons of mass destruction
During the 1990s ____ ______ kept tension high by failing to cooperate with UN-mandated inspections.
Saddam Hussein
Throughout the 1990s President ______ sent U.S. forces to several places in attempts to maintain political order and protect humanitarian interests.
Clinton
In 1992 American troops join a multi-nation force in ______ to protect relief organizations operating during a civil war.
Somalia
In 1994 American troops preserved order in ____ when their president was forced to flee the country.
Haiti
In 1995 American and NATO allies intervened to end ethnic warfare among _____, ____, and ______ resulting from the breakup of the former Yugoslavia.
Croats, Serbs, and Muslims
In 1999, American and NATO air power and troops forced Serbian troops withdraw from the Yugoslavian province of ______.
Kosovo
The FBI and intelligence sources identified the attack as the work of __-____, a global network of islamic terrorists whose leaders were based in Afghanistan.
al-Qaeda
President _____ W. ______ quickly announced that a war on terrorism would become the focus of his administration
George W. Bush
