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U.S Government > Citizenship and Equal Justice > Flashcards

Citizenship and Equal Justice Flashcards

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1
Q

An _____ is a person who lives in a country where he or she is not a citizen.

A

alien

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2
Q

An________ is a person who comes to a new country intending to live there permanently.

A

immigrant

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3
Q

The United States classifies aliens into five different categories:

A
  1. Resident aliens
  2. Non-resident alien
  3. Enemy alien
  4. Refugees
  5. illegal aliens
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4
Q

______ ______ is a person from a foreign nation who has established permanent residence in the U.S.

A

Resident alien

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5
Q

A____- _____ _____ is a person from a foreign country who expects to stay in the U.S.

A

non-resident alien

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6
Q

An ____ ____ is a citizen of a nation with which the U.S. is at war.

A

enemy alien

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7
Q

Legally, enemy aliens are entitled to full protection of their ____ and ___.

A

lives and property

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8
Q

______ are people fleeing to escape persecution

A

Refugees

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9
Q

An ____ _____ is a person who comes to the U.S. without a legal permit.

A

illegal alien

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10
Q

The protections that the _____ __ _____ guarantees applies to aliens as well as citizens.

A

Bill of rights

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11
Q

In _____, the Supreme Court ruled that the state of Texas could not deny free public education to children of illegal aliens.

A

1982

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12
Q

Aliens are expected to share in many of the responsibilities of american life:

A

Taxes, obey the law,be loyal to our government

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13
Q

Aliens are not guaranteed the right to _____ freely in the United States.

A

travel

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14
Q

All aliens are required to _____ the U.S. citizenship and Immigration Services when they change their residence.

A

notify

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15
Q

The _____ ___ of 1924 known as the _____ act, lowered the number of immigrants allowed into the country to less than 165,000 per year.

A

The immigration act of 1924 know as the johnson act

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16
Q

The Johnson act also favored immigrants from ______ and ______ Europe.

A

northern and western

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17
Q

The _____ _____ ____ gave countries such as England and Ireland high quotas.

A

National origins system

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18
Q

In 1965 the law set up 2 categories of immigrant:

A

Those who could come from countries of the Eastern Hemisphere and those who come from the countries in the western hemisphere

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19
Q

Higher preferences would be given to persons who skills would be

A

“especially advantageous to the United States”

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20
Q

Congress pass the immigration ____ and ____ act of 1989.

A

reform and control

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21
Q

The law provided a way for illegal immigrants to become _____ _____ and citizens, as well as punishment for employers who ____ illegal immigrants.

A

permanent residents

hire

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22
Q

Aliens who can show that they entered the U.S. before ___. ___, ____, and have resided continuously in the country since then may apply for amnesty.

A

Jan. 1, 1982

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23
Q

_______ is a general pardon the government offers to illegal aliens/

A

Amnesty

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24
Q

By 1990, 85% of immigrants to the U.S. were coming from ____ and ___ ____.

A

Asia and Latin America

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25
Q

The act established a limit on immigrants from any single country to no more than 7% of the ____ ___.

A

annual visas

26
Q

The ____ ____ __ ____ encouraged immigration workers with “extraordinary abilities”

A

Immigration act of 1990

27
Q

Special immigrants fall into three groups:

A

Refugees displaced by war, close relatives to the U.S citizens, or those admitted through private laws passed by Congress.

28
Q

____ ___ is one that applies to a particular person.

A

Private law

29
Q

______ is the legal process by which a person is granted the rights and privileges of a citizen.

A

Naturalization

30
Q

____ ___ Vs. _______ in 1857 challenged the basis of state citizenship.

A

Dred Scott Vs. Sandford

31
Q

The supreme court ruled that Scott could not bring legal suit in federal court because he was not a _____.

A

citizen

32
Q

_______ _______ hoped that the court’s decision would begin a “chain of events” that would produce a “ chain of events” that would produce a “ Complete overthrow of the whole slave system”

A

Frederick Douglass

33
Q

The __ ________ to the constitution overruled the Dred Scott decision.

A

14th amendment

34
Q

There are three basic sources of U.S. citizenship:

A

birth on American soul, Naturalization, being born to a parent who is a U.S. citizen

35
Q

___ ____ is a Latin phrase that means “law of soil”

A

Jus soli

36
Q

___ ____ grants citizenship to nearly all people born in the United States or in American territories.

A

Jus Soli

37
Q

___ ______ means the “law of blood”

A

Jus Sanguinis

38
Q

If an individual is born in a foreign country and both parents are U.S. citizens, the child is a _____, provided one requirement is met.

A

citizen

39
Q

If only one of the parents is an American citizen, that parent must have lived in the U.S. or American possession for a least ___ years, 2 of which had to occur after the age of 14.

A

5

40
Q

All immigrants who wish to become American citizen must go through ______.

A

naturalization

41
Q

The major exception is that a naturalized citizen is not eligible to serve as _____ or ___ ______ of the United States.

A

president or vice president

42
Q

The U.S. citizenship and Immigration Services is a bureau of the ______ of ______.

A

department of homeland

43
Q

Immigrants who want become U.S. citizens must meet five requirements:

A

Applicants must have entered the U.S. legally, They must be of good moral character, They must declare their support of the principles of American government, they must prove that they can read, write, and speak English (applicants older than 50 and have lived in the U.S. for 20 years are exempt from this requirement), They must show some basic knowledge of American history and government

44
Q

____ _____, ______ ______,_______, _____, or followers of any other totalitarian system will be denied membership

A

Draft evaders, military deserters, polygamists, anarchists, communists

45
Q

An applicant requesting citizenship must be at least ___ years old, have lived in the U.S. as a lawfully admitted resident alien for 30 months of the previous years.

A

18

46
Q

An applicant must have lived in the state where the petition is filed for at least __ months.

A

3

47
Q

If married to a U.S. citizen, he or she only needs __ years of residency before filing.

A

3

48
Q

_____ _____ is a process by which members of a whole group of people, living in the same geographic area, become American citizens through an act of Congress.

A

Collective naturalization

49
Q

Congress has used collective naturalization five time:

A

1803 people living in the territory gain through the Louisiana Purchase,
Florida was purchased in 1819,
Republic of Texas was admitted to the Union in 1845,
Hawaii in 1900,
Residents of Puerto Rico in 1917

50
Q

1868 Congress decided that the citizenship guarantees of the ___ amendment would not apply to Native Americans

A

14th

51
Q

Only the _____ ______ can both grant citizenship and take it away.

A

federal government

52
Q

Americans can lose their citizenship in any of three ways:

A

Through expatriation,
By being convicted of certain crimes,
Through denaturalization

53
Q

The simplest way to lose citizenship is through _______ , or giving up one’s citizenship by leaving one’s native country to live in a foreign country.

A

expatriation

54
Q

Expatriation may be ____ or _______.

A

voluntary or involuntary.

55
Q

A person may lose citizenship when convicted of certain _____ crimes that involve extreme disloyalty.

A

federal

56
Q

Crimes include

A

treason, participation in a rebellion, and attempts to overthrow the government through violent means

57
Q

The loss of citizenship through fraud or deception during the naturalization process is called ________.

A

denaturalization

58
Q

Denaturalization could also occur if an individual joins a _____ or ______ organization less than five years after becoming a citizen.

A

Communist or totalitarian

59
Q

Respect for the law is crucial in modern society, but this respect depends on

A

knowledge of the law.

60
Q

The American ideal of citizenship has always stressed each citizen’s responsibility to participate in ____ _____ .

A

political life

61
Q

The most common way a citizen participates in political life is by

A

voting

U.S Government (7 decks)

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