Foreign Policy Flashcards
-Diplomatic Policy
-Military Policy
Main Components of Foreign Policy
-Protect the sovereignty of the United States
-Protect the United States citizens at home and abroad
Main Purposes of Foreign Policy
-Commander-in-Chief
-Make treaties
-Receive foriegn dignitaries: recognize another country
-Appoint foreign policy officials
Power derived from the Constitution
-Access to information
-Decisiveness
-Speed
-Secrecy: Covert
-Cohesiveness
Power derived from Practical Considerations
-Reorganized Defense Department
-Created Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
-Created National Security Counsel
National Security Act (1947)
-Conducts diplomatic policy
State Department
Conducts military policy
Defense Department
Gathers and analyzes information about other nations
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Composed of the heads of each branch of military
-Provides the point of view of uninformed officers
Joint Cheifs of Staff
White House agency responsible for coordinating foreign policy
National Security Counsel
U.S. should separate itself from the rest of the world
-Stay out of foreign conflicts
Isolationalism
U.S. should engage with the rest of the world
-Intervene in various matters
Internationalism
The United States acts alone
Unilateral
The United States cooperates with other countries:
-United Nations
-NATO
-Marshall Plan
Multilateral
Munich Conference:
-Neville Chamberlain gave Czechoslovakia to Hitler to avoid a war
-Foreign aggression must be met with force
All presidents reject a policy of APPEASEMENT
Several “great powers” exist
-World War II (1939-1945): U.S., Great Britain, Soviet Union, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan
Multipolar
Two “great powers” exist
-The Cold War (1946-1989): U.S. and the Soviet Union
Bi-Polar
One nation acheives military, economic, political, and cultural superiority
-United States (1945-1949)
Uni-Polar
Weakening the Soviet Union by preventing the spread of Communism
-George Kennan’s “X” article in Foriegn Affairs
Containment
Second-strike capability allows the U.S. to obliterate any nation that launches an attack on it, this preventing any attacks
-ICBM
-Submarines
-Bombers
Deterrence
