Foreign Policy : 10/19/15 Flashcards
_______ _____ consists of the strategies and goals that guide a nation’s relations with other countries and groups in the world.
Foreign policy
The specific strategies that make up U.S. ______ _____ from year to year change in response to changes in the international government.
Foreign policy
The ____-____ goals of that policy remain constant, reflecting both the nation’s i_____ and its s___-______.
Long-term, ideals, self-interest
The principal goal of American foreign policy is to p______ the s______ of the United States.
Preserve, security
_______ _______ means protection of a nation’s borders and territories against invasion or control by foreign powers.
National security
In today’s global economy n______ s______ means more than m_____ d_____.
National security, military defense
Maintaining _____ with other nations and preserving access to necessary _____ _______ have also been basic goals of U.S. foreign policy.
Trade, natural resources
Productive American f______ and f____ need f______ m______ in which to sell their goods.
Factories, farms, foreign markets
Generally, the United States supports t____ that is free from both e____ and i____ r_____.
Trade, export, import restrictions
American leaders also work for _____ _____ because they believe it helps the nation avoid outside conflicts and aids national security.
World peace
The United States tries to help other nations settle disputes and has to also supplied e_______ a__ to __-____ c______.
Economic aid, at-risk countries
The rise of ______ _____, along with direct _______ ______, have made the goal of w_____ p____ an even greater challenge.
Terrorist groups, terrorist attacks, world peace
The United States aids d________ nations and helps others create democratic political systems. : IE. S____ K_____, V____, I___, A________
Democratic, South Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, Afghanistan
The United States has responded by providing f___, m______ s_____, and t_______ a______ for h________ reasons.
Food, medical supplies, techinical assistance, humanitarian
This aid serves the strategic interests of the United States by maintaining p_______ s_______ in the world.
Political stability
Until the late 1800s, American foreign policy was based on __________- the avoidance of involvement in world affairs.
Isolationism
When ______ _________ became president in ___, the US was a small nation in deep debt.
George Washington, 1789
In 1823 President ______ _____ announced a new foreign policy known as the ______ _____. It began to look for w____ m_____ for its products and for new sources of r___ m_______.
James Monroe, Monroe Doctrine, world markets, raw materials
For some government leaders, i__________ no longer fit the US’s role as an e_______ p_____.
Isolationism, economic power
The US leaders of the time believed the nation needed to expand and acquire a c_______ e_____.
Colonial empire
In ____ the US fought the ______ _______ ___.
1898, Spanish American War
As a result, the US acquired the P_______ I_____, G___, and P_____ R___.
Philippine Islands, Guam, Puerto Rico
The United States was now a major power in the C_______ as well as the P_____ r____ and E___ A___.
Caribbean, Pacific region, East Asia
When _____ ___ __ began in Europe in ___, i_______ s_______ in the United States was still strong.
World War I, 1914, isolationist sentiment
Disillusioned by the terrible ___ of ___, Americans returned to i_________.
Cost, war, isolationism
When _____ ___ __ began in ____, the United States officially remained n_____.
World War II, 1939, neutral
The Japanese attack on P____ H____ in ___, however, drew the United States into war.
Pearl Harbor, 1941
Since World War II, US foreign policy has been based on i____________.
Internationalism
The United States emerged from World War II as the leader of the ____ ____ of the world.
Free nations
US government leaders viewed the power of the S_____ U____ as a threat to n______ s_______.
Soviet Union, national security
Between 1945 and 1949, the S____ U____ established control over the governments of E_____ E______ countries.
Soviet Union, Eastern European
In ____ C_____ C_______ seized control of C____.
1949, Chinese Communists, China
The C_______ t_______ in these nations convinced American leaders that they must halt C_______ a______.
Communist takeovers, Communist aggression
The ____ ___ was a war of w____ and i______ rather than a s______ war.
Cold War, words, ideologies, shooting
With the threat of expanding communism, the US drew upon the ideas of G_____ __. K____, an American diplomat and expert on Soviet history and culture.
George F. Kenan
The US would create a policy known as __________- the policy designed the Soviet Union from expanding its powers.
Containment
America also tried to stop the spread of c_________ by giving e______ a__ to nations they said were threatened by t_________ r_____.
Communism, economic aid, totalitarian regimes
President H_____ T______ announced what later became known as the _______ ______ in a speech in 1947.
Harry Truman, Truman Doctrine
Months later the ________ ____ provided badly needed economic aid for war-torn E_____.
Marshall Plan, Europe
C___ W__ tensions and fears also led to an ____ ____.
Cold War, arms race
The Cold War policy of containment drew the United States into two wars. : _____ & ______
Korea, Vietnam
In the K_____ W__ the US aided pro-American ____ Korea when it was invaded by communist ____ Korea.
Korean War, South, North
T_____ saw the invasion of South Korea as ___________ by the S_____ U____ and sent American troops there under UN sponsorship.
Truman, expansionism, Soviet Union
In the V_____ W__, the United States committed troops for many years to fight on the side of the S___ Vietnamese government against the Communist N____ Vietnam.
Vietnam War, South, North
In ___ the ______ ___ dividing Communist East Germany from the democratic West Germany was torn down by demonstrators.
1989, Berlin Wall
US troops were sent to hotspots across the globe while policymakers called on the US to stay involved in world politics to protect American t_____ i_____, encourage d_____, and advance h_____ r____.
Trade interests, democracy, human rights
In 1990 ___’s leader, S_____ H_____, invaded neighboring K____ threatening Middle Eastern __ supplies.
Iraq, Saddam Hussein, Kuwait, oil
These actions included a program of inspections aimed at preventing Iraq from developing w______ of m___ d______.
Weapons of mass destruction
During the 1990s S______ H_____ kept tension high by failing to cooperate with UN-mandated inspections.
Saddam Hussein
Throughout the 1990’s President C_____ sent US forces to several places in attempts to maintain p______ o____and protect h_________ interests.
Clinton, political order, humanitarian
In ____ American troops join a multi-nation force in S_____ to protect relief organizations operating during a civil war.
1992, Somalia
In ____ American troops preserved order in H____ when their president was forced to flee the country.
1994, Haiti
In ____ American and NATO allies intervened to end ethnic warfare among C____, S____, and M_____ resulting from the breakup of the former Y_________.
1995, Croats, Serbs, Muslims, Yugoslavia
In ____, American and NATO air power and troops forced Serbian troops to withdraw from the Y_______ province of K______.
1999, Yugoslavian, Kosovo
The FBI and intelligence sources identified the attack as the work of __-_____, a global network of Islamic terrorists whose leaders were based in A_______.
Al-Qaeda, Afghanistan
President ______ __ _____ quickly announced that a w__ on t______ would become the focus of his administration.
George W. Bush, war on terrorism
The Bush administration’s framework states that ________ should replace c________ and d_______ as the foundation American strategy.
Preemption, containment, deterrence
_________ means that the US will strike first with military force against any terrorist groups or rogue states that might threaten the nation with weapons of mass destruction.
Preemption
President Bush applied ________ in M_____ ____ when the US and a coalition of others removed the government of ________ ______.
Preemption, March 2003, Saddam Hussein
In _________ _____, ______ _____ would be captured.
December 2003, Saddam Hussein
The F_____ of the Constitution attempted to divide the responsibility for f______ a____ between the p______ and C______.
Framers, foreign affairs, president, Congress
The president derives power to formulate foreign policy from two source. : 1. The _________ lists certain presidential powers related to foreign policy. 2. As the head of the world’s superpower, the president functions as an important w_____ l_____.
Constitution, world leader
The Constitution grants the president the power to be the c________ in c____of the nation’s military forces.
Commander in chief
