Foreign Developments: Isolationism in the 1920s and evidence against it Flashcards
Which foreign policy idea was re-implemented after WWI?
Isolationism
What was Warren Harding’s campaign message in the 1920 election?
A return to normalcy
What did geographical isolationism say?
America could stay isolationist because they were between 2 large oceans
Which Doctrine did the USA want to continue enforcing?
The Monroe Doctrine
Why did the USA want to reduce the Japanese navy in the 1920s?
They posed a threat to the USA
Which part of the world were the USA interested in keeping the Monroe Doctrine in?
Latin America
What year was the Dawes Plan created?
1924
What did the Dawes Plan do?
It reduced German WWI reparations
How many dollars a year was the German debt reduced by?
Reduced by $250 million a year
Which plan extended the Dawes Plan? What year was it made?
The Young Plan, made in 1929
What did the Young Plan bring the reparation payments for Germany down to? Over how many years would this be paid?
$25 billion, paid over 60 years
What conference did Harding call in 1921?
Naval Conference
What was the aim of the 1921 Naval Conference?
To reduce the size of the Japanese military
What did the Five-Power Treaty made in the Naval Conference do?
It put limits on battleship construction
Name 2 countries that would commit to the Five-Power Treaty
Japan, USA
Which treaty made in the 1921 Naval Conference continued the Open Door policy?
Nine-Power Treaty
Who was the Secretary of State during the 1920s?
Charles Evans Hughes
What reason was there for an emphasis on disarmament in the 1920s?
Charles Evans Hughes supported disarmament
What did Coolidge try to do with naval military power in 1927?
He tried to reduce it further
What convention did Coolidge try to reduce naval power further in? What year?
Geneva Convention, 1927.
What year was the Kellog-Briand Pact made?
1928
How many nations signed the 1928 Kellog-Briand Pact?
15
What did the 1928 Kellog-Briand Pact say?
Countries should only fight wars if in self-defence
What was the situation with sanctions if nations went against the Kellog-Briand Pact?
There were no sanctions
What year did Japan invade Manchuria?
1931
What did the USA ensure with themselves in the Kellog-Briand Pact?
The USA would not get involved with conflicts in other nations under the pact
How did President Hoover respond to the invasion of Manhcuria in relation to the 1928 Kellog-Briand Pact?
He did not acknowledge it
How much money was invested in Latin America in 1924 and 1929?
$1.5 billion in 1924, $3 billion in 1929.
What did General Electric do in Latin America? What year?
They made their own company there in 1923
How many Latin American countries did General Electric have a monopoly in?
8 Latin American companies
What plans were made to give Latin American nations loans?
The Kemmerer Plans
What did the US ensure with the Kemmerer Plan loans?
Ensured that the money would be used in a corrupt way
What decade were the Kemmerer Plans made in?
1920s
How much money did the USA give to Colombia in compensation for Panama?
$25 million
What year had Panama gained independence?
1903
What did Coolidge do with Nicaragua in 1925?
Withdrew troops from there
When had USA troops been put in Nicaragua?
1909
What year did Coolidge have to put troops back into Nicaragua?
1926
How many times more troops did Coolidge have to send to Nicaragua in 1926 than those sent in 1909?
Twice as many troops sent
By what year had the USA brought an end to the Nicaraguan civil war?
1928
