Forearm muscles

Question 1

How many layers in the flexor compartment of the forearm?

Answer 1

3

Question 2

Number of and names of muscles of the superficial flexor compartment of the forearm

Answer 2

4
Pronator teres
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis 
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 3

Number of and names of muscles of the intermediate flexor compartment of the forearm

Answer 3

1

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 4

Number of and names of muscles of the deep flexor compartment of the forearm

Answer 4

3
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

Question 5

How many layers in the extensor compartment of the forearm?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

Number of and names of muscles in the superficial extensor compartment of the forearm

Answer 6

6
Brachioradialis 
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum 
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 7

Number of and names of muscles in the deep extensor compartment of the forearm

Answer 7

5
Supinator
Extensor indicis 
3 muscles of the thumb 
- adbuctor pollicis longus
- adbuctor pollicis brevis 
- extensor pollicis longus

Question 8

Which two muscles originate superficially but insert deeply?

Answer 8

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Question 9

What three muscle tendons make up the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 9

Extensor pollicis longus (superior)
Extensor pollicis brevis (suprainferior)
Abductor pollicis longus (inferior)

Question 10

What is the difference between Palmer interossi and Dorsal interossi muscles?

Answer 10

Palmer - side of metacarpals facing digit 3 exclusive (adduct -> PAD)
Dorsal - side of metacarpals away from digit 3 inclusive (abduct -> DAB)

Question 11

What are the lumbricals? What are their role?

Answer 11

‘earthworm’ muscles of the fingers, originating on the tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus and inserting on the lateral edge of the 1st planax (digits 2 - 5 only)
Prevent claw hand - flex metacarpophalangeal joint and extend interphalangeal joints

Question 12

Three connective tissues of posterior surface of hand and their function

Answer 12

Extensor retinaculum - prevents bowstring effect of extensor muscle tendons

Connexus intertendineus - digits cannot move in isolation

Extensor expansion - wraps around first phalanx, providing insertions for interossei muscles and the extensor digitorum tendons

Question 13

Walls of carpal tunnel

Answer 13

Medial wall - pisiform (proximal) and hamate (distal)
Lateral wall - trapezium and scaphoid tubercles
Floor - other carpal bones
Roof - flexor retinaculum (connective tissue)

Question 14

What nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 14

Median nerve

Question 15

What are the primary flexors of the wrist?

Answer 15

Flexor capri radialis and ulnaris