Forearm/Hand nerves/vessels Flashcards
the ulnar nerve lies _____ to the ulnar artery in the forearm
Medial
the ulnar artery supplies which nerves
the ulnar and median nerves
This artery passes posteriorly through the cubital fossa, deep to the superficial and intermediate flexors to medial side of forearm. It passes superficial to the flexor retinaculur through Guyon canal to enter the hand
Ulnar artery
Branch of the ulnar nerve in the cubital fossa that divides into anterior and posterior arteries or the same name
Common interosseus arteries
this artery runs along the anterior aspect of the interosseus membrane before piercing it near the proximal boarder of pronator quadratus.
Anterior interosseus artery
this small artery runs between the superficial and deep layers of extensor muscles serving the structures in the middle third of the posterior compartment
Posterior interosseus artery
Which artery is just lateral to FCU tendon at the wrist
ulnar artery
which artery runs distally under brachioradialis
radial artery
The Course of the radial artery at the wrist…?
runs anteriorly on the radial bone before coursing around the lateral aspect of the wrist to run in the floor of the anatomical snuff box.
Which arteries make up the lateral elbow arterial anastomoses
Radial recurrent artery from radial artery anastomoses with the radial collateral artery from the deep artery of the arm.
The palmar and dorsal carpal arches are anastomoses of which arteries?
radial artery (both) , ulnar artery (both), anterior interosseus artery (dorsal)
the anteriolateral muscles of both the flexor and extensor compartments are supplied by which artery
Radial
The anterior interosseus nerve is a branch of which nerve.
median
Enters cubital fossa medial to brachial artery, exits by passing between heads of pronator teres, runs in neurovascular plane between intermediate and deep flexors. Runs deep to PL tendon before entering carpal tunnel
Median n. C6,C7,C8,T1
this nerve runs deep to pronator quadratus after passing between FDP and FPL
anterior interosseus n
the skin of the central palm is supplied by
Palmar cutaneous branch of median n
Passes between heads of FCU to enter forearm. Descends in forearm between FCU and FDP. becomes superficial in distal forearm
ulnar n
branch of ulnar n that supplies skin of hand
Dorsal cutaneous branch of ulnar n
Enters cubital fossa between brachioradialis and brachialis, anterior to lateral epicondyle - divides into terminal, superficial and deep branches
Radial n
originates from radial nerve as it traverses the radial groove at posterior humerus. Perforates lateral head of triceps, decends along lateral side of arm and posterior forearm to wrist
Posterior cutaneous n of forearm
From radial n at cubital fossa, descends between pronator teres and brachioradialis. Emerges from brachioradialis to “arborize” over anatomical snuff box to supply skin of dorsum of lateral aspect of hand
Superficial branch of radial n
from radial n in cubital fossa. exits fossa winding around radial neck, penetrating and supplying supinator, emerges in posterior compartment of forearm and takes another name from the artery that it runs with in the posterior compartment
Deep branch of radial nerve becoming posterior interosseous nerve as it decends on the membrane with the posterior interosseus artery.
Continuation of musculocutaneous nerve distal to its muscular branches. It emerges lateral to biceps brachii, on brachialis, running initially with the cephalic vein. It decends along the lateral boarder of the forearm to the wrist.
Lateral cutaneous n of forearm
From the medial cord of the brachial plexus, C8, T1. Perforates deep fascial of arm with the basilic vein proximal to the cubital fossa. Descends medial aspect of forearm
medial cutaneous n of forearm
ulnar artery enters the hand through….
the Guyon Canal
The terminal branches of the ulnar artery are
the superfical and deep palmar braches
The radial artery enters the palm by passing between the heads of which muslces?
1st dorsal interossei and then adductor pollicis
The radial artery terminates by anastomosing with which artery to form what?
Joins deep branch of ulnar artery to form deep palmar arch
Distal to the carpal tunnel, the medain nerve supplies….
1st and 2nd lumbricals and 2.5 thenar muscles.
Skin over the median distribution pattern.
***be aware that there is a palmar cutaneous branch of the median n that supplies the central palm also - this branch comes off before and passes anterior to the carpal tunnel.
Explain how injury to the median nerve in the carpal tunnel can result in sparing of sensation of the central palm.
A proximal branch of the median n, the palmar cutaneous branch passes exterior to the carpal tunnel and also supplies the skin of the central palm.
which thenar muscles does the median nerve supply?
Oponins pollicus, Abductor pollicus brevis and the superficial head of flexor pollicus brevis (via the recurrent thenar branch)
Which thenar muscles does the ulnar nerve supply?
Adductor pollicus and the deep head of Flexor Pollicis brevis
The ulnar emerges from under which tendon before passing into the hand
FCU
What muscles does the ulnar n supply in the hand
The majority!
- hypothenar muscles
- deep head of FPB, adductor PB
- medial 2 lumbricals
- palmar and dorsal interossei
Branches of ulnar n
- palmar cutaneous branch (middle of forearm) (s)
- Dorsal branch (5cm prox to wrist) (s)
- superficial branch (in hand) (s)
- deep branch (in hand) (m)
The n supply of the hand provided by the radial n ….
No motor.
Superficial branch arising from radial n in cubital fossa - supplies the radial sensory distribution in the hand
which nerve can be injured easily in the thenar eminence because it runs superficially here.
Recurrent thenar branch of median n
What sort of injury causes damage to recurrent thenar branch of median n and what happens clinically.
Superficial injury to thenar eminence - this nerve constitutes the median n supply to the thenar muslces - superficial head of FPB, ABductor PB and oponens pollicis
