forearm/hand Flashcards
pronator teres
O: Ulnar Head: Coronoid Process (Ulna) // Humeral Head: Common Flexor Tendon (Medial Epicondyle, humeru)
I: Radius (Superior Lateral Surface)
Blood: Ulnar Artery, Anterior Ulnar Recurrent Artery
N: Median Nerve
(pierces thru m.)
Action: Pronation of forearm
Elbow Flexion
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O: Common Flexor Tendon (Medial Epicondyle) I: 2nd & 3rd metacarpals Blood: Ulnar Artery N: Median Nerve Action: Wrist Flexion [Wrist Abduction]
Flexor Palmaris Longus
O: Common Flexor Tendon (Medial Epicondyle) I: Flexor Retinaculum, Palmar Aponeurosis Blood: Ulnar Artery N: Median Nerve Action: Wrist Flexion
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O: Humeral Head: Common Flexor Tendon (Medial Epicondyle) // Ulnar Head: Olecranon, 5th metacarpal, Pisiform, Hook of Hamate
Blood: Ulnar Artery
N: Ulnar Nerve
Action: Wrist Flexion [Wrist Adduction]
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O: Humeroulnar Head: Common Flexor Tendon (Medial Epicondyle of humerus) // Radial Head: Radius (Anterior-superior border)
I: Middle Phalanges (2-4)
(Index, Middle, Ring, Little Fingers)
Blood: Ulnar Artery
N: Median Nerve
Action: Flexes digits 2-4 at PIP joints, [Flexion of MP joints]
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O: Ulna (Proximal ¾ of anterior-medial surface), Interosseous Membrane
I: Medial Part: Distal
Phalanges 4-5 // Lateral Part: Distal Phalanges 2-3
Blood: Ulnar Artery,
Anterior Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Medial half, digits 4&5: Ulnar Nerve // Lateral Half, digits 2&3: Anterior Interosseous Nerve (Branch of Median Nerve)
Action: Flexion of DIP joints
Flexor Pollicis Longus
O: Radius (Anterior surface)
I: Distal Phalanx of Thumb, Palmar Aponeurosis
Blood: Anterior Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Anterior Interosseous Nerve (Branch of Median Nerve)
Action: Flexion of Thumb Interphalangeal Joint
Pronator Quadratus
O: Ulna (Distal anterior surface)
I: Radius (Distal anterior surface)
Blood: Anterior Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Anterior Interosseous Nerve (Branch of Median Nerve)
Action: Pronation of forearm
Brachioradialis
O: Lateral Supraepicondylar Ridge (Humerus)
I: Radius (Distal Lateral Surface)
Blood: Radial Recurrent Artery
N: Radial Nerve
Action: Elbow Flexion
*Exception to rule: Only flexor innervated by Radial n.
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O: Lateral Supraepicondylar Ridge (Humerus) I: 2nd Metacarpal (Dorsal aspect) Blood: Radial Artery N: Radial Nerve Action: Wrist Extension [Wrist Abduction]
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O: Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle)
I: 3rd Metacarpal (Dorsal aspect)
Blood: Radial Artery
N: Deep Radial Nerve
Action: Wrist Extension, [Wrist Abduction]
Extensor Digitorum (Communis)
O: Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle) (distal phalanges of digits 2-5)
I: Extensor Expansion
Blood: Interosseous Recurrent Artery, Posterior Interosseous Artery (Branches of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Deep Radial Nerve
Action: Extends 2nd-5th digits at MP, PIP and DIP joints
Extensor Digiti Minimi
O: Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle)
I: Extensor Expansion (Little Finger)
Blood: Interosseous Recurrent Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Deep Radial Nerve
Action: Extends 5th digit [Extension of MP Joint, Extension of IP Joints (Weak)]
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O: Common Extensor Tendon (Lateral Epicondyle), Ulna (Posterior Border) I: 5th Metacarpal (Dorsal aspect) Blood: Ulnar Artery N: Deep Radial Nerve Action: Wrist Extension, Wrist Adduction
Supinator
O: Lateral Epicondyle (Humerus), Ulna (Crest)
[Radial Collateral Lig., Annular Ligament]
I: Radius (upper shaft, Proximal lateral, anterior and posterior surfaces) Blood: Recurrent Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Deep Radial Nerve *Nerve passes through supinator to become posterior interosseous nerve
Action: Supinates forearm
Extensor Indicis
O: Ulna (Distal Posterior surface), Interosseous Membrane
I: Extensor Expansion
(Index Finger)
Blood: Posterior Interosseous Artery
(Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Posterior Interosseous Nerve (Continuation of Deep Radial Nerve)
Action: Index Finger Extension
Abductor Pollicis Longus
O: Ulna + Radius (Proximal Posterior surface), Interosseous Membrane
I: Base of 1st Metacarpal
Blood: Posterior Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Posterior Interosseous Nerve (Continuation of Deep Radial Nerve)
Action: Thumb Abduction [Carpometacarpal joint extension (Thumb)]
Extensor Pollicis Longus
O: Ulna (Middle Posterior Surface), Interosseous Membrane
I: Thumb Distal Phalanx (Dorsal Aspect)
Blood: Posterior Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Posterior Interosseous Nerve (Continuation of Deep Radial Nerve)
Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb
Extension of MP/CM Joints (Thumb)
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
O: Ulna (Distal Posterior Surface), Interosseous Membrane
I: Thumb Proximal Phalanx
(Dorsal Aspect)
Blood: Posterior Interosseous Artery (Branch of Common Interosseous a. from Ulnar Artery)
N: Posterior Interosseous Nerve (Continuation of Deep Radial Nerve)
Action: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at MP Joint (Thumb)
Opponens Pollicis
Thenar
O: Scaphoid, Trapezium
I: Thumb Metacarpal (Lateral Side), Broad insertion
Blood: Superficial Palmar Branch of Radial Artery
N: Recurrent Branch of Median Nerve
Action: Thumb Opposition
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Thenar
O: Scaphoid, Trapezium I: Thumb Proximal Phalanx (Lateral Side) Blood: Superficial Palmar Branch of Radial Artery N: Recurrent Branch of Median Nerve Action: Thumb Abduction
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Thenar
O: Scaphoid, Trapezium
I: Thumb Proximal Phalanx
(Lateral Side)
Blood: Superficial Palmar Branch of Radial Artery
N: Superficial Head: Recurrent Branch of Median Nerve // Deep Head: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve
Action: Thumb Flexion
Adductor Pollicis
O: Oblique Head: Metacarpals 2-3
Capitate // Transverse Head: 3rd Metacarpal (Anterior surface)
I: Thumb Proximal Phalanx
(Medial Side)
Blood: Deep Palmar Arterial Arch (from Radial Artery, with Ulnar Artery via Deep Palmar Branch)
N: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve Thumb
Action: Adduction
Abductor Digiti Minimi
O: Pisiform I: Little Finger Proximal Phalanx (Medial Side) Blood: Ulnar Artery N: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve Action: Pinky Abduction
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
O: Hook of Hamate I: Little Finger Proximal Phalanx (Medial Side) Blood: Ulnar Artery Nerve: deep branch ulnar nerve Action: Pinky PIP Flexion
Opponens Digiti Minimi
O: Hook of Hamate I: Little Finger Metacarpal (Medial Side) N: deep branch ulnar nerve Blood: Ulnar Artery Action: Pinky Opposition
Lumbricals
O: 1st + 2nd: Lateral 2 tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus // 3rd + 4th: Medial 3 tendons of Flexor Digitorum Profundus
I: Extensor Expansions of 2nd-5th digits (Lateral Sides)
Blood: Superficial Palmar Arterial Arch of Ulnar Artery
N: 1st + 2nd: Median Nerve
// 3rd + 4th: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve
Action: MCP Joint Flexion,
DIP (PIP) extension
Dorsal Interossei 1-4
O: 1st to 5th paired metacarpals (Dorsal Side) I: Bases of Proximal Phalanges, Extensor Expansions of 2nd-5th digits
Blood: Dorsal Metacarpal Arteries, Palmar Metacarpal Arteries
N: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve
Action: PAD: Palmar ADduction (Adduct digits)
Palmar Interossei 1-3
O: Between 2nd, 4th, 5th Metacarpals (Palmar Side)
I: Bases of Proximal Phalanges, Extensor Expansions of 2nd, 4th, 5th digits
Blood: Palmar Metacarpal Arteries
N: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve
Action: PAD: Palmar ADduction (Adduct digits)
