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MSK 1 > Forearm and Elbow > Flashcards

Forearm and Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

insertion site for biceps brachii

A

radial tuberosity

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2
Q

brachialis attachment

A

ulnar tuberosity

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3
Q

interosseus membrane

A

connect radius and ulna

attachment for many forearm muscles

separates anterior and posterior compartments

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4
Q

interosseus membrane role in FOOSH

A

coursing inferomedially, the fibers pull ulna up when radius is pushed up, transferring force up to humerus

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5
Q

colles fracture

A

distal radius fracture, from FOOSH

distal radial fragment displaces dorsally, appears as dinner fork deformity

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6
Q

carpal bones that articulate w/ distal radius

A

scaphoid and lunate

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7
Q

cubital fossa

A

triangular depression anterior to elbow

passage of brachial artery and median nerve

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8
Q

extensor retinaculum vs palmar carpal ligament

A

fascial thickenings of antebrachial fascia by the wrist

extensor is posterior, palmar carpal ligament is anterior

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9
Q

flexor retinaculum

A

distal fascia thickening to the palmar carpal ligament

roof of carpal tunnel

aka transverse carpal ligament

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10
Q

brachioradialis

A

flexor of elbow joint

innervated by radial nerve (exception to the rule, radial normally extensor)

attaches arm to radius

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11
Q

supinator

A

supinates forearm and hand

deep radial nerve

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12
Q

contrast anterior and posterior compartments of forearm

A

anterior- flexor or pronator

posterior- extensor or supinator

flex/extend applies to digits and writs

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13
Q

anterior compartment superficial muscles 5

A
  1. pronator teres
  2. flexor carpi radialis
  3. palmaris longus
  4. flexor carpi ulnaris
  5. flexor digitorum superficialis

name describes fn and location, all innervated by median nerve EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar nerve)

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14
Q

golfers elbow

A

medial epicondylitis- inflammation of common origin of the superficial flexors

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15
Q

3 deep flexor pronators

A
  1. flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
  2. flexor pollicis longus
  3. pronator quadratus

all innervated by anterior interosseus nerve (AIN) EXCEPT medial half of FDP which is innervated by ulnar nerve

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16
Q

pronator muslces

A

pronator teres and pronator quadratus

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17
Q

describe pronation of forearm

A

initiated by pronator quadratus, pulls distal radius over ulna

pronator teres assists w/ more speed and power

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18
Q

digit flexion muscles

A

FDS and FDP

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19
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A

give rise for four tendons thru carpal tunnel, splits and inserts into middle phalanx of 2-5 digits

flexes digits at proximal interphalangeal joint

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20
Q

FDP (profundus)

A

inserts onto distal phalanx of 2-5 digits

flexes at distal interphalangeal joint

dual innervation! ulnar nerve controls medial 4 and 5 digits, AIN branch of median nerve controls lateral 2 and 3 digit

21
Q

3 groups of extensor posterior muscles

A

extensors of wrist

extensor of digits

extensors/abductors of thumb

all innervated by radial nerve or branch of radial

22
Q

origin of extensors

A

many from common tendon/origin on lateral epicondyle of humerus

23
Q

tennis elbow

A

lateral epicondylitis- inflammation of common origin of extensors

24
Q

3 extensors of writs

A

extensor carpi radialis longus

extensor carpi radialis brevis

extensor carpi ulnaris

innervated by radial nerve

stabilize and extend wrist

25
Q

3 extensors of digitorum

A

extensor digitorum

extensor digiti minimi

extensor indicis (deeper belly)

all radial innervation

long tendons of these insert into extensor expansion (hood)) of digits)

26
Q

extensors/abductors of thumb

A

abductor pollicus longus

extensor pollicus brevis

extensor pollicus longus

aka outcropping muscles, boundaries of snuffbox

intricate and precise movements of thumb

27
Q

tendons of extensor muscles stabilized at wrist by…

A

extensor retinaculum

compartmentalized into 6 fibroosseus tunnels

28
Q

ganglion or synovial cyst

A

thin walled cyst, fluid filled

dorsum of wrist, common at extensor carpi radialus longus tendon

29
Q

contents of anatomical snuffbox

A

radial artery

scaphoid bone

30
Q

boundaries of anatomical snuff box

A

thumb extensor/abductors- APL, EPB, EPL

31
Q

3 main nerves of the forearm

A

radial nerve- all extensor supinators

median- most flexor/ pronators

ulnar- 1.5 flexors

32
Q

2 branches of radial nerve

A

superficial- cutaneous sensory to part of the dorsum of hand

deep- motor nerve

33
Q

deep branch of radial nerve

A

pierces supinator, becomes posterior interosseus nerve innervating forearm extensors

34
Q

ulnar nerve role in forearm and hand

A

innervates flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of FDP (digits 4 and 5)

innervates most intrinsic hand muslces

35
Q

trace route of ulnar nerve

A

posterior to medial epicondyle in cubital tunnel

then thru groove called canal of guyon on anterior aspect of wrist

36
Q

median nerve passes b/w…

A

FDS and FDP

37
Q

branches of median nerve in forearm

A

anterior interosseus

small cutaneous nerve called palmar branch- superficial to flexor retinaculum

38
Q

median nerve must pass thru ___ to enter hand

A

carpal tunnel- under flexor retinaculum

39
Q

brachial artery terminates as…

A

ulnar and radial arteries

40
Q

branch of ulnar artery

A

common interosseus branch

41
Q

lateral strenght of elbow provided by…

A

radial and ulnar collateral ligaments

42
Q

radial collateral ligament blends w/

A

annular ligament of radius- forms collar around head of radius

43
Q

proximal radioulnar joint fn

A

permits radius to rotate w/i annular ligament- bw/ head of radius and ulna

44
Q

radial head dislocation

A

aka nursemaids elbow

radial head sublux out of annular ligament- common in toddlers

45
Q

game keepers thumb

A

ulnar collateral ligament rupture of thumb - often w/ fractur of bae of proximal thumb phalanx

aka skiers thumb

aka skiers thumb

46
Q

distal radius articulates w/…

A

scaphoid and lunate

47
Q

ligaments in radiocarpal joint

A

radial and ulnar collateral ligaments

48
Q

ligaments w/ metacarpophalangeal joint

A

palmar ligament or plate on anterior aspect

deep transverse metacarpal ligaments span b/w metacarpal heads

MSK 1 (10 decks)

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