Forearm Flashcards
List and describe the functions and attachments of the flexor compartment muscles- superficial layer
-they all have origin at the medial epicondyle
- pronator teres
- attachment at medial epicondyle and the coronoid process of the ulna (teres means two heads)
- fx: 2 names so 2 functions- (1) flex wrist and (2) pronation - flexor carpi radialis
- attachment at medial epicondyle
- distal attachment at the base of the 2nd metacarpal (because it is “carpi”
- fx: 3 functions bc 3 names so - flex the wrist, flex the elbow and ABduction of the wrist - palmaris longus
- attachment at the medial epicondyle
- distal attachment at the palmar aponeurosis and the flexor retinaculum ( so long you can “see it”)
- fx: 2 names, 2 function- (1) hand @ wrist joint (“palmaris” ) and (2) flex forearm bc so long at elbow jt
* not present in all people - flexor digitorum superficialis
- proximal is the medial epicondyle/ humeroulnar head
- distal is shafts of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5
- fx :3 names, 3 functions- (1) flex MIP, PIP (2) , flex elbow and (3) wrists - flexor carpi ulnaris
- insertion is the hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal, pisiform
- 3 names, 3 functions- flex hand at wrist (2) ADDuct hand - flex forearm
flexor carpi ulnaris
- flexor carpi ulnaris
- insertion is the hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal, pisiform
- 3 names, 3 functions- flex hand at wrist (2) ADDuct hand - flex forearm
flexor digitorum superficialis
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- proximal is the medial epicondyle/ humeroulnar head
- distal is shafts of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5
- fx :3 names, 3 functions- (1) flex MIP, PIP (2) , flex elbow and (3) wrists
palmaris longus
- palmaris longus
- attachment at the medial epicondyle
- distal attachment at the palmar aponeurosis and the flexor retinaculum ( so long you can “see it”)
- fx: 2 names, 2 function- (1) hand @ wrist joint (“palmaris” ) and (2) flex forearm bc so long at elbow jt
* not present in all people
flexor carpi radialis
- flexor carpi radialis
- attachment at medial epicondyle
- distal attachment at the base of the 2nd metacarpal (because it is “carpi”
- fx: 3 functions bc 3 names so - flex the wrist, flex the elbow and ABduction of the wrist
pronator teres
- pronator teres
- attachment at medial epicondyle and the coronoid process of the ulna (teres means two heads)
- fx: 2 names so 2 functions- (1) flex wrist and (2) pronation
list the 3 muscles of the deep layer of the flexor compartment of the forearm
flexor digitorum profundus
flexor pollicis longus
pronator quadratus
pronator quadratus
-attachment at the 1/4 ant ulna
distal attachment is the surface of the radius
fx:
- pronation
flexor pollicis longus
prox attach: ant radius and interosseous membrane
distal: base of phalanx thumb
(think polluc, thumb)
fx:
flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb
flexor digitorum profundus
origin:
posterior border of the ulna, proximal two-thirds of medial border of ulna, interosseous membrane
insertion: base of the distal phalanx of digits 2-5
* works together with the flexor digitorum superficialis
fx: flexes the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints
(superficial doesn’t do distal: flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints)
follow the course of the ulnar nerve in the arm and forearm what does it innervate?
where does it branch
in the brachial region:
it passes behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus
in the forearm region:
- it parallels the ulna
- and runs btwn the 2 heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris
- also supplies the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus (think deep needs ulnar)
- also courses with the ulnar artery
branches:
branches into dorsal and palmar cutaneous nerves
-these give palm sensation under the pinky and ring finger
and then in the hand we get superficial and deep branches
think “ulnot” so does whatever the median or radial doesn’t do.
also median recurrent does LOAF and ulnar deep branch dos the rest like interossei, lumbricals 3 and 4 and
describe the path of the median nerve and what it innervates in the forearm and palm
begins in brachial plexus from the lateral and medial cords.
- runs anterior in the cubital fossa
- B&B sandwhich: btwn the bicipital aponeurosis and the brachialis
- then passes through the pronator teres, deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis
- innervates all the forearm flexors except the FCU and the medial part of the FDP bc the ulnar nerve does those ones
then the medial recurrent does LOAF: