Forces That Shape Earth

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

Force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume; adds potential, or stored energy, to rock until it changes shape or breaks.

Question 2

Tension- type of stress

Answer 2

Pulls on the crust, stretching rock so it becomes thinner in the middle.

Question 3

Compression-type of stress

Answer 3

Squeezes rock until it folds of breaks.

Question 4

Shearing-type of stress

Answer 4

Pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions.

Question 5

Strain

Answer 5

A change in the shape of a rock caused by stress; two types

Question 6

Elastic Strain

Answer 6

Change in rock that is NOT permanent; when stress is removed rock goes back to its original shape.

Question 7

Plastic Strain

Answer 7

Creates a permanent change in the shape of a rock; usually occurs when rocks are weak or hot.

Question 8

Each type of stress produces different-

Answer 8

Landforms

Question 9

Compression creates Mountain Ranges

Answer 9

Collision between two continental plates.

Question 10

Compression creates Ocean Trenches

Answer 10

One plates goes under another during collision forming a deep trench where the two plates meet.

Question 11

Compression creates Volcanic Arcs

Answer 11

Curved line of volcanoes that forms parallel o plate boundaries.

Question 12

Tension creates Mid- Ocean ridges

Answer 12

Tension causes oceanic crust to spread allowing hot rock from mantle to rise creating high ridges.

Question 13

Tensions creates Continental rifts

Answer 13

When divergent boundaries occur within a continent, they cause enormous splits in the crust.

Question 14

Shearing creates Transform faults what is a fault?

Answer 14

When plates slide horizontally past each other they form a fault, or a break in the rock of the crust.

Question 15

Shearing creates Fault zones

Answer 15

An area of many fractured pieces of crust along a large fault