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Science > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What are forces

A

Forces are actions that change an objects current motion

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2
Q

What is acceleration

A

An increase in an objects movement speed

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3
Q

What is deceleration

A

A decrease in an objects movement speed

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4
Q

What are newtons

A

Newtons are used to measure force, 1 newton is equivalent to the force needed to move a one kilogram object at one metre per second

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5
Q

What is Issac Newtons first law

A

An object at rest, or in constant motion, will remain that way unless acted on by another force

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6
Q

Drawing Forces

A

Force diagrams are used to indicate both the direction and strength of a force. The length of the arrow indicates the strength of a force, the longer the arrow, the stronger the force.

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7
Q

What is a balanced force

A

When there are two forces acting in opposite directions that are of equal force, then the forces are said to be balanced

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8
Q

What is an unbalanced force

A

When oppositely acting forces are of unequal force, they are said to be unbalanced

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9
Q

Net force

A

Net force is the sum of the forces acting on an object, forces that are opposite cancel each other out

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10
Q

Inertia

A

The resistance of an object to any change in motion

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11
Q

How do cars save people from the force of crashes

A

Cars use seatbelts to hold the passenger on the seat and crumple zones to absorb the energy

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12
Q

What is friction

A

Friction is the force that occurs when one object tries to move across another. It is a contact force

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13
Q

What are factors that affect friction

A

How rough a surface is, how hard the surfaces are pushed together

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14
Q

What are someways friction is useful

A

Running, cars and busses move can stop faster, allows us to hold things in our hands

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15
Q

When is friction not useful

A

It can create heat and energy like when you fall and you scrape your knee

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16
Q

Reducing Friction

A

Friction can be reduced by separating the surfaces or smoothing surfaces out

17
Q

Gravity

A

The attractive force that exists between objects containing matter and is an non-contact force

18
Q

Mass and Weight

A

Mass is the amount of matter in an object (kg), Weight is the force experienced by an object due to Gravity (N)

19
Q

Acceleration due to gravity

A

The acceleration due to gravity is constant for all objects regardless of mass
Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8m/s/s
All objects fall at the same in a vacuum (no air)

20
Q

Terminal Velocity

A

The highest speed that an object can fall through air
The force due to gravity is matched by the air resistance caused by air particles

21
Q

Magnetism

A

A non-contact force of attraction and repulsion
It is part of the electromagnetic force
Magnetism is caused by the motion of electric charges

22
Q

Magnetic Fields

A

The area around a magnet that will apply a force
The arrows of a magnetic field diagram demonstrate the force experienced by a north pole within the field

23
Q

Attraction and Repulsion

A

Like poles repel
Unlike poles attract

24
Q

Magnetic Domains

A

Certain materials have magnetic fields generated by the movement of their electrons
Large groups of atoms are able to line up parallel to each other
These groups of atoms are known as Magnetic Domains
With enough magnetic domains lined-up, a material may possess a strong overall magnetic field

25
Q

Permanent magnet

A

A material that contains permanently aligned magnetic domains

26
Q

Temporary magnet

A

When affected by magnetic forces, certain materials will have some domains aligned temporarily

27
Q

Electromagnet

A

A magnet produced by the magnetic field caused by an electric current

28
Q

Electromagnetism

A

Wires carrying electricity generate magnetic fields

29
Q

Uses of magnets

A

EFTPOS
Motors
MRI
Induction cooking

30
Q

Electric fields

A

Electric fields are fields that exist around electric charges

31
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged subatomic particles are known as electrons

32
Q

Protons

A

Positively charged subatomic particles are known as protons

33
Q

Charging objects

A

When rubbing two materials together, electrons may move from one material to the other.
This results in an imbalance of protons and electrons and the object is now electrically “charged”

34
Q

Static Electricity

A

Static electricity is the build-up of electric charges within or on the surface of a material

Science (4 decks)

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