Forced Labour

Question 1

Ranking of forced labour regions

Answer 1

South-East Asia- 11.7 million
Africa- 3.7 million
South/Central America- 1.8 million
North-West Asia- 1.6 million
USA/UK/Australia- 1.5 million
Middle East- 0.6 million

Question 2

Factors affecting forced labour rates

Answer 2

Economic:
• Poverty- People in poverty are easier to exploit (e.g. Qatar)
• Lack of jobs- People have few other job options so more likely to accept lower paid jobs
• Low wages- Cannot afford to leave job as they cannot build savings up
• Subsistence farming- If crops fail then they don’t have the resources to survive, so will take most available job opportunities
Political:
• Political instability- Poor law enforcement

Question 3

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 3

The number of women, per 100,000 live births, that die during or within 42 days of childbirth

Question 4

Number of deaths during/following pregnancy in 2013

Answer 4

298,000

Question 5

Women in the USA are ???? times more likely to die during childbirth than in the UK

Answer 5

Three

Question 6

Forced labour includes:

Answer 6

• Children who are denied education because they are forced to work
• Men unable to leave work due to debts owed to recruitment agents
• Women and girls exploited as unpaid, abused domestic workers