For first midterm

Question 1

What is a fundamental distinction in Québec?

Answer 1

We have our own Code book (a set of rules) which allows us to do other things. We have different ways of thinking. We have a sense of the collectivity

Qc form a nation and its official language is French.

Question 2

Why do we tolerate language laws like Bill 21?

Answer 2

There is a sense of collective and nationalism.

There is a desire to maintain secularism. Some might say, it is discriminating other cultures.

Some people are okay with laws like Bill 21 because they want to protect their culture and history, keep people united, and follow the rules. But others don’t like these laws because they think everyone should have the freedom to express themselves, and they want to celebrate diversity.

Question 3

How are we different from Canada?

Answer 3

Canada has jurisprudence which means they make up laws when something happens. They are reactive compared to Qc who already have a set of rules and laws. Canada way of thinking is based on the individual. Canada has the common law.

Question 4

How is Qc tolerant?

Answer 4

Qc is a liberal society, we make up rights for the gays, we love our casinos, our work ethic is like 4 days a week type of mindset.

Question 5

Explain what the siege mentality is.

Answer 5

It is a narrative made by the elite of Qc to say that “we are under attacked by English Canada” It is related to “la survivance” which is a reaction of the French elites to the emigration of its own people.

Question 6

So, why did people want to get out of QC?

Answer 6

For economic reasons and social reasons. Like bro, life was hard asf, the money was running low. There was no healthcare or good education. It was ass.

Question 7

What the 3 common values of French Canada

Answer 7

Roman Cathololicism, Agriculture, French language

Question 8

What were some vectors of change?

Answer 8

Culture, economy, religion, nationalism and politics.

Question 9

Who were the main actors in the quiet revolution

Answer 9

Jean Lesage, Educated people, journalists universities

Question 10

Who is Jack Kerouac and how does he compare to Eric Andrew Gee in terms of QC identity.

Answer 10

Jack Kerouac represented the typical French Canadian back in the day where he was trying to make sense of his identity in a world where his French identity is perceived as a minority and an anomaly in North America.

Eric Andrew Gee - Rémi Francoeur could relate to Jack Kerouac in his questionning on identity.In the 1990s, Francoeur felt like he was slowly losing his identity in an English environment. In other words he felt like an anomaly.

Question 11

What is institutional completeness?

Answer 11

It is the degree of organization and institutional development in relation to its capacity to attract members away from the host (hegemony).

Question 12

What are the three discourses at the time

Answer 12

Individuality, collectivity and community.

Question 13

What is the meaning of Maitre Chez nous

Answer 13

raise schooling, more state intervention state in culture and language, Creation of La Caisse de Dépôt et de placement du Qc, improve economy by increasing the income for Francophones.

Question 14

Describe the Church influence before the 60s

Answer 14

It was authoritative. It dictated every aspect of the Quebecers life. They had very traditionnal ideas and valules like order, agriculture and rural life. The church had control education and social services.

Question 15

Who benifited the most during the Maurice Duplessis governement ?

Answer 15

the anglophones business owners. because they had institutional completeness.

Question 16

Why did the 16 artist signes the Global refusal ? What is the Global Refusal?

Answer 16

It challenged the traditional values of Quebec. The manifesto also fostered an opening-up of Quebec society to international thought

Question 17

What is the october crisis of 1970?

Answer 17

chain of political events that started in October 1970 when members of the Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnapped James cross and Pierre Laporte which is followed by many violent actions.

Question 18

Describe the theory of state

Answer 18

Gouverne (elected officials like political parties for example)

Politie (Social group and communities)

Régime (is it recognized internationally and domestically.)

Question 19

How did hockey impact the Quiet Revolution?

Answer 19

It created a vehicle for Maître chez nous. A desginated ministry with funds. It contributed to francization and to the identity change from French Canadians to “Québécois”.

Question 20

What is Hockey to Québécois?

Answer 20

Hockey is rallying (rassembleur)
It brought the desire for change against the status quo.

It was a form of resistance, since the LNH was controlled by English people

it was culturally significant since the Habs were composed of French Canadians at its origin.

Question 21

What is cultural regionalism ?

Answer 21

preservation and promotion of regional culrure tradition, values and heritage

In Qc it is expressed by use of the French language, the practice of Roman Catholicism, and the revitalization of traditional culture

Question 22

Why is Quebec a transitional sociocultural space?

Answer 22

Because of the intercultural exhange. It is a place with a unique blend of cultural and linguistic influences.

Qc identity is being contested and redefined.

Question 23

What is exotic food

Answer 23

it is a displaced deterritorialized artifact and it is a placed cultural object.

Question 24

what is multisited ethnography

Answer 24

It is the study human activity in multiple locations

Question 25

Explain how the proliferation of ethnosites is not linked to the increase of immigration numbers.

Answer 25

Instead the ethnic restaurants have multiplied faster than imm numbers. The ethnosites attract immigrants.

other facts are Canada’s multicultural policies, ethnic groceries stores, young people standing up against the homegenous values of their parents.

Question 26

how are hip hop artist in MTL name proclaiming. What is name proclaiming?

Answer 26

Name proclaiming means that they publicly challenge attitudes of complacency towards racism and other form of social injustices.

The artists engages not only in name proclaiming, but also publicly performing responses to certain social discourses whicc encourages the audience to think for themselves.

Question 27

How does Hip Hop artist creates a third space?

Answer 27

They create a unique identity that combines different languages, cultures, and territories. that challenges the traditional ideas and structures.

Question 28

What is the public sphere?

Answer 28

It is the community, collectivity, where people gather to connect. it can also be online.

For example, it is a place for civic action, voting, citizen participation.

The government can use the public sphere to influence perception and sustain identity through culture.

Question 29

What is the wisdom of crowds.

Answer 29

a phenomenon that refers to the idea that a large group of people can be more efficient and arrive at the same answer better than the experts. - key words number of people and connections

Question 30

What differentiates Qc from the rest of the world? (video games and tech)

Answer 30

Cultural and geographical bridge.

Quebec offers a complete ecosystem that permits for the collaboration and the production of video games. It provides an ecosystem that attracts employees with the social adavantages and many opportunities.

Question 31

What is a complete ecosystem ?

Answer 31

a region that offers a variety of advantages. It fosters passion and collaboration, it is a creative fiber, it is an environment where talent is made (cegeps, uni) the good quality of life is a characterestic of a complete ecosystem.

Question 32

What are some characteristics of Quebec cinema (the first wave 20s to 50s)

Answer 32

Church control, repressed sexuality, family relatoins.

the characters reflected the folklike culture

nostalgia and focus on ancestral roots

Question 33

Montreal – how did the city become such a successful battleground for the gaming industry?

Answer 33

the government tax break exemption, the willingness of Quebec to diversify its economy by attracting investors from other places.
The wisdom of crowds and the connections that supported the gaming industry during COVID

Question 34

The emigration of hundreds of thousands of French Canadians from Qc altered ______ and how French Canadian _________ was imagined

Answer 34

the dynamic of French Canada

collectivity

Question 35

According to Lachaine, in response to the emigration, the elites shifted gears on what?

Answer 35

building an institutional and organizational network, based in Qc, that would cross broders to encompass the changing French Canadians outside of Qc. So the emiggrant communities had the same services as Qc communities.

Question 36

what are the crucial events that reinforced the siege mentality ?

Answer 36

Riel affair

regulation 17 - French languuage school crises

Question 37

What is the difference between the personality principle and the territoraility

Answer 37

personality : People have individual rights - it is symmetrical

Territoriality: language is a collective good that needs to be protected and reinforced on its territory. - it is asymmetrical.

Question 38

Why is there an ongoing insecurity even though we have bill 101. First describe the characteristics of bill 101

Answer 38

Bill 101 relies on coercion, it recognizes that French as part of an expression of culture and identity, it says that French should be the public language.

There are still insecurities because the bill cannot legislate private lives.

Question 39

What is the definition of ecological inference fallacy?

Answer 39

You make an inference on the individual based on data about a population. It can lead to confusion and misinterpretation.

Question 40

For Nationalists, what are the sources of concern?

Answer 40

French is in delcine.

French is being diluted by multilinguism (english, immigrants)

Immgrants chooses english instead of French

English is prefered in public space and in business.

Question 41

What are some reasons that would explain the rise of multilingualism?

Answer 41

it is an advantage in the public sphere

multicultural policies and immigrants.

Question 42

how do we ensure the French vitality?

Answer 42

Invest more in education, currently the drop out rate for francophones is higher than anglogphones. Promote and invest in French Language media and culture.

Question 43

What are the impacts of Maurice Richard and riots today?

Answer 43

Maurice is in the collective imagination of each Québécois, he is often known as a the person who stood up against the English - he is a national pride and serves as a historical figure that shaped Qc.

The riots on the other hands, was the embodiment of the nationalist sentiment. It brought a sense of identity thorugh hockey.

Question 44

Explain the sources of Quiet revolution.

(economic, class structure, ideological basis)

Answer 44

Economic factors: poor conditions for French people, industrialization, urbanization, Qc society was becoming more and more consumerist and the Church could not keep up with the growing society.

Class structure: Class conflict, The Fr were the working class, they were less educated than the English. The wages for Fr people were low af and they could never go up the ranks.

ideological basis: The rise of liberal ideologies and neonationalism. it felt like there was a need to defend the French language and also, there was a sense of unbelongingness.

Question 45

Pluralism

Answer 45

A pluralist society means that there will be a lots of intergroup and intragroup dynamic

Question 46

What is a neoliberal vision of human culture

Answer 46

Free market, social services and aids to population

Question 47

Positive discursive habitus

Answer 47

positive way of speaking about cultural diversity. This positive habitus is widely spread among parents being studied in the study by Le Gall and Meintel. It is associated with giving names, language transmission.

Question 48

What are identity projects

Answer 48

names, religion, language. Essentially culture

Question 49

Minority language linked

Answer 49

pluralist values of tolerance and openmindedness ,in the other words, it is te gateway to the world.

Question 50

What does noble savage mean?

Answer 50

People think ethnic food is healthier than what they usually eat, and they use that to indirectly criticize their own food choices while making themselves seem more cultured.