Foot Orthosis

Question 1

Types of foot orthoses

Answer 1

1. Internal Modification (Inserts and Fixed)
2. External Modification

Question 2

These are used to relieve pain and activity limitation associated with pes cavus.

Answer 2

Insert Orthoses

Question 3

Type of foot orthosis that reduces load on painful heel.

Answer 3

HEEL-SPUR INSERT ORTHOSIS

Question 4

It has a concave relief to minimize pressure on the
tender area and helpful for patient who have plantar fasciitis.

Answer 4

Heel-Spur Insert Orthosis

Question 5

This foot orthosis/support is positioned at the medial longitudinal arch which prevents depression and pronation of subtalar joint. Also, prevent flattening of the arch.

Answer 5

Longitudinal Arch Support

Question 6

This foot support/orthosis has a minimum support which positioned at the medial border of the insole with the apex between the sustentaculum tali and navicular tuberosity. Also ,support medial longitudinal arch.

Answer 6

Scaphoid Pad

Question 7

○ corrects flexible flat foot (MLA)
○ controls hindfoot valgus
○ limits subtalar motion (pronation)
○ the insert encompasses the heel and midfoot

Answer 7

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BIOMECHANICS LABORATORY (UCBL) INSERT

Question 8

Type of insert orthoses are used with pes cavus or clubfoot deformity that transfers weight from metatarsal head to the metatarsal shaft.

Answer 8

Metatarsal Pad

Question 9

A convex component that may be incorporated in an insert or may be
a resilient domed piece glued to the inner sole so that its apex is under the metatarsal
shafts.

Answer 9

Metatarsal Pad

Question 10

Indications for Metatarsal Pad.

Answer 10

Diabetic Neuropathy- the pad transfers stress from the metatarsal heads to the metatarsal shafts effective in
reducing plantar pressure.

Question 11

Effective in reducing plantar pressure particularly in patients with diabetic neuropathy.

Answer 11

External Modification

Question 12

Type of External Modification:
○ alters alignment of the rearfoot
○ medial or lateral heel wedge (depends on the deformity)

Answer 12

Heel Wedge or Heel Post

Question 13

Type of External Modification:
○ named based on the desired motion
■ e.g., varus or valgus posting
○ rearfoot and forefoot posting

Answer 13

Posting

Question 14

Medial Heel Wedge Indications:

Answer 14

To correct flexibility:
1. Pronation
2. Eversion
3. Pes Valgus
4. Pes Varus
5. Flat foot
To accommodate rigidity:
1. Supination
2. Inversion
3. Pes Varus
4. Pes Cavus
5. Clubfoot

Question 15

Lateral Heel Wedge Indications

Answer 15

To correct flexibility:
1. Supination
2. Inversion
3. Pes Varus
4. Pes Cavus
5. Clubfoot

To accommodate rigidity:
1. Pronation
2. Eversion
3. Pes Valgus
4. Pes Varus
5. Flat foot

Question 16

This type of external modification is indicated for flexible pes valgus which can be attached at the anterior border of medial side and extended forward.

Answer 16

Thomas heel

Question 17

Type of External modification:
○ placed posterior to metatarsal heads
○ transfers stress from MTP joints to metatarsal shafts during late stance
○ Indications: metatarsalgia

Answer 17

Metatarsal Bar

Question 18

Type of External Modification:
○ convex transverse band affixed to the sole proximal to the
metatarsal heads
○ reduces the distance the wearer must travel during stance
phase
○ improves late stance
○ shifts load from MTP joints to MTP shafts
○ Indication: patients with difficulty in push-off (rocker)

Answer 18

Rocker Bar or Rocker Bottom

Question 19

Type of external modification:
○ should be made from non-compressible material
○ raises one foot in order to shift balance
○ Indication: leg length discrepancy that is beyond half an
inch

Answer 19

Shoe Lifts