Foot and Ankle MMT Flashcards
Ankle Plantar Flexion Grades 0-2
Muscles:
- gastrocnemius (knee extended)
- soleus (90 degrees knee flexion)
Position: prone, feet hanging off table, plantarflex foot
Stabilization: posterior, proximal calf
Ankle Plantar Flexion Grades 3-5 (soleus bias)
Muscle: soleus
Position: standing on one leg, slight knee flexion (20 degrees), plantar flex foot (calf raise)
Stabilization: use a wall or PT for stabilization
Resistance: patient’s body weight
Ankle Plantar Flexion Grades 3-5
Muscle: gastrocnemius and soleus
Position: standing on one leg in full knee extension, plantar flex foot (calf raise)
Stabilization: use a wall or PT for stabilization
Resistance: patient’s body weight
Ankle Dorsiflexion Grades 0-2
Muscle: tibialis anterior
Position: supine, feet hanging off of table, dorsiflex ankle (up and in)
Stabilization: posterior aspect of distal leg
Ankle Dorsiflexion Grades 3-5
Muscle: tibialis anterior
Position: sitting, feet hanging off of table, dorsiflex ankle (up and in)
Stabilization: posterior aspect of distal leg
Resistance: medial aspect of foot (down and out)
Ankle Subtalar Inversion Grades 0-2
Muscle: tibialis posterior
Position: supine, feet hanging off of table, plantar flex and invert foot (down and in)
Stabilization: anteromedial aspect of tibia
Ankle Subtalar Inversion Grades 3-5
Muscle: tibialis posterior
Position: side lying on side being tested, non-test leg is in hip flexion and out of the way, test foot is hanging off of table, plantar flex and invert foot (down and up) via PROM
Stabilization: anteromedial aspect of tibia
Resistance: medial aspect of foot (down into floor)
Ankle Subtalar Inversion Grades 3-5 (alternative)
Muscle: tibialis posterior
Position: supine, feet hanging off of table, plantar flex and invert ankle (down and in)
Stabilization: medial portion of anterior, mid-tibia
Resistance: around bottom of the foot, pulling on medial aspect of foot into eversion/dorsiflexion (up and out)
Ankle Subtalar Eversion Grades 0-2
Muscle: fibularis longus and brevis
Position: supine, feet hanging off of table, plantar flex and evert foot (down and out)
Stabilization: anterior aspect of distal tibia
Ankle Subtalar Eversion Grades 3-5
Muscle: fibularis longus and brevis
Position: side lying on side NOT being tested, non-test leg is in hip flexion and out of the way, test foot is hanging off of table, plantar flex and evert foot (down and out)
Stabilization: anterolateral aspect of mid-tibia
Resistance: lateral aspect of foot (push into inversion)
Ankle Subtalar Eversion Grades 3-5 (alternative)
Muscle: fibularis longus and brevis
Position: supine, feet hanging off of table, plantar flex and evert ankle (down and out)
Stabilization: anterior aspect of distal tibia
Resistance: around bottom of the foot, pulling on lateral aspect of foot into inversion/dorsiflexion (up and in)
