Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Gross Anatomy > foot > Flashcards

foot Flashcards

1
Q

muscles of the dorsal of the foot and nerve innervation

A

extensor hallucis brevis
extensor digitorum brevis
deep peroneal nerve (L5-S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

attachments of the extensor hallucis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis (dorsal of foot)

A

superior surface of calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum
EHB to base proximal phalanx of hallux
EDB to long extensor tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do the common peroneal and tibial nerves (originally sciatic nerve) split to form in the foot

A

common peroneal - superficial and deep peroneal nerves

tibial - medial and lateral plantar nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

where dos the common peroneal nerve split

A

between peroneus longus and neck of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

superficial peroneal nerve supplies what in the foot

A

cutaneous innervation to dorsum of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

passage of the deep peroneal nerve

A

through extensor digitorium longus to travel with anterior tibial artery
crosses ankle joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what nerve supplies cutaneous innervation to skin between digits 1 and 2

A

deep peroneal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the popliteal artery give rise to in the lower limb

A

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

branch of the tibial artery and what it supplies

A

fibular artery - provides perforating branches to lateral compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the anterior tibial artery give rise to in the foot

A

dorsalis pedis artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

branches of the dorsalis pedis artery

A

lateral tarsal
deep plantar artery (sole)
arcuate artery

lateral and arcuate anastomose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

branches of the posterior tibial artery

A

lateral plantar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

branches of lateral plantar artery

A 
plantar arch (deep plantar arteries join)
plantar arch gives - plantar metatarsal and plantar digital arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

name of combined distal end of fibula and tibia and what this articulates with

A

malleolar mortise

trochlea of the talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

bones involved in the ankle joint

A

tibia + fibula (malleolar mortise)
talus
calcaneus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

range of movement in:
dorsiflexion
plantarflexion

A

20-30o

30-50o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

attachments of capsule around the ankle joint

A

articular margins

anteriorly extends onto neck of talus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ligaments of the ankle joint

A

lateral collateral ligaments:
anterior talofibular
posterior talofibular
calcaneofibular

medial collateral ligaments:
anterior tibiotalar 
tibionavicualr 
tibicalcaneal
posterior tibiotalar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

relations of the ankle joint

A 
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus
flexor hallucis longus
peroneus longus
peroneus brevis
tendocalcaneous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

bones of the foot

A 
calcaneus 
talus
navicular
cuboid
cuneiforms
metatarsals - (sesamoid bones in flexor hallucis brevis)
phalanges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

fascia of the plantar foot and what it forms

A

deep fascia - weak medially and laterally - thick centrally

central portion forms superficial ligament - plantar aponeurosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

attachments of plantar aponeurosis

A

proximally to calcaneus

divides into 5 bands distally and continuous with fibrous digital sheaths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what separates the medial, central and lateral compartments of the plantar foot

A

vertical inter muscular septae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

muscles of dorsum of foot

A

extensor digitorum brevis

extensor hallucis brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

muscles of lateral compartment of the foot

A

abductor digiti minimi

flexor digiti minimi brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

muscles of the central compartment of the foot

A

flexor digitorum brevis
lumbricals
quadratus plantae
adductor hallucis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

muscles of the medial compartment of the foot

A

abductor hallucis

flexor hallucis brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

interossei of the foot

A

plantar interossei

dorsal interossei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

muscles of foot layer one

A

abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi

30
Q

muscles (and tendons) of foot layer 2

A

tendons of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum brevis
lumbricals
quadratus plantae

31
Q

muscles of foot layer 3

A

flexor hallucis brevis
adductor hallucis
flexor digiti minimi brevis

32
Q

muscles (and tendons) of foot layer 4

A

3x plantar interossei
4x dorsal interossei
tendons of peroneus longus and tibialis posterior

33
Q

where does the tibial nerve split to enter the foot and what are the divisions

A

deep to the flexor retinaculum

medial plantar nerve and lateral plantar nerve

34
Q

where do the medial and lateral plantar nerves pass

A

enter foot deep to abductor hallucis
medial - between abductor hallucis and flexor digitorum brevis
lateral - between layers 1&2

35
Q

branches of the lateral plantar nerve

A

superficial - between layers 1&2

deep - between layers 3&4

36
Q

what muscles of the foot are innervated by the medial plantar nerve

A 
abductor hallucis 
flexor digitorum brevis
flexor digitorum brevis
1st lumbrical
flexor hallucis brevis
37
Q

root value of the medial and lateral plantar nerves

A

S2-S3

38
Q

cutaneous innervation to the plantar surface of the foot

A 
medial plantar
lateral plantar
calcaneal 
dorsal lateral cutaneous of foot
saphenous
39
Q

where is the deep plantar arch found

A

layers 3&4

40
Q

role of the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot

A

distribute weight
act as shock absorbers
act as spring-boards

41
Q

transverse is supported by which smaller arches and what do these contain

A

tarsal arch - tendon of tibialis posterior and peroneus longus
metatarsal arch - adductor hallucis muscle
anterior arch - deep transverse metatarsal ligament

42
Q

bones of the lateral longitudinal arch

A

calcaneus, cuboid, lateral cuneiform and 4th+5th metatarsal

43
Q

bones of the medial longitudinal arch

A

calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms and metatarsals 1-3

44
Q

what offers dynamic support to the longitudinal arches

A

flexor hallucis longus

flexor digitorum longus

45
Q

passive support to the longitudinal arches

A

plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring)
short plantar ligament
long plantar ligament
plantar aponeurosis

46
Q

weight distribution falls on which bones

A

calcaneus
heads of metatarsals
sesamoid bones of first metatarsal

47
Q

joints of the foot

A

subtalar (talus + calcaneus)
talonavicular + calcaneocuboid = transverse (mid) tarsal
cuneonavicular
tarsometatarsal (cuboid and cuneiforms + bases of metatarsals)
inter metatarsal
metatarsophalangeal
interphalangeal

48
Q

what type of joint is the subtalar

A

plane synovial

49
Q

ligaments of subtalar joint

A

medial interosseous talocalcaneal
lateral interosseous talocalcaneal
posterior interosseous talocalcaneal

50
Q

what type of joints form the talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

talocalcaneal part - plane synovial

talonavicualr part - ball and socket

51
Q

what type of joint is the calcaneocuboud joint

A

plane synovial

52
Q

ligaments of midtarsal joint

A 
bifurcate 
dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament
long plantar ligament
short plantar ligament
spring ligament
53
Q 
attachments of the following ligaments of the mid tarsal joint:
bifurcate ligament
dorsal calcaneocuboid ligament
long plantar ligament 
short plantar ligament 
spring ligament
A 
calcaneus to navicular and cuboid
calcaneus to cuboid
calcaneus to cuboid and metatarsals
calcaneus to cuboid
calcaneus to navicular
54
Q

what are the joints of inversion and eversion in the foot

A

subtalar

talocalcaneal part of talocalcaneonavicular joint

55
Q

ligaments of which joint that opposes inversion and eversion

A

midtarsal

56
Q

process on inversion/eversion

A

forefoot and midfoot rotate on hindfoot at the midtarsal joint
ligaments tighten and the force is transferred to the calcaneus
forefoot, midfoot and calcaneus rotate under talus at the subtalar joint

57
Q

ligaments of the tarsometatarsal ligaments

A

dorsal, plantar and interosseous tarsometatarsal ligaments

58
Q

what type of joints are the metatarsophalangeal joints and actions they allow

A

synovial condyloid

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

59
Q

what type of joints are the interphalangeal joints and what actions do they allow

A

synovial hinge joints

flexion and extension

60
Q

attachment of the abductor hallucis

A

medial tubercle of calcaneus and flexor retinaculum to base of hallux medial phalanx

61
Q

attachment of flexor digitorium brevis

A

medial tubercle of calcaneus to medial phalanges of lateral 4 digits

62
Q

attachment of abductor digit minimi

A

medial and lateral tubercle of calcaneus to proximal base of 5th phalanx

63
Q

attachment of lumbricals

A

tendons of FDL to medial side of dorsal tendon extension

64
Q

attachment of quadratus plantae

A

medial and lateral surfaces of calcaneus to lateral of FDL tendon

65
Q

flexor hallucis longus attachment

A

cuboid and lateral cuneiform to both sides of proximal phalanx of hallux

66
Q

adductor hallucis attachment

A

transverse head - plantar ligament of MTP to base of proximal phalanx of hallux (lateral)
oblique head - base of metatarsals 2-4 to base of proximal phalanx of hallux (lateral)

67
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis attachments

A

base of 5th metatarsal to base of proximal phalanx 5th digit

68
Q

attachment of plantar interossei

A

bases of metatarsals 3-5 (unipennate) to proximal phalanx of 3-5 (medial)

69
Q

attachment of dorsal interossei

A

adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5 (bipennate) to medial proximal phalanx of 2nd digit then to lateral side of proximal phalanges 2-4

70
Q

action of plantar interossi and distal interossei

A

plantar interossei - PAD so adduct

distal interossie - DAB so abduct

Gross Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions