Foot

Question 1

Dermatome: big toe

Answer 1

L4

Question 2

Dermatome: three middle toes

Answer 2

L5

Question 3

Dermatome: distal toe

Answer 3

S1

Question 4

Plantar aponeurosis

Answer 4

thickened deep fascia of the sole, extending from the calcanea tuberosity to the end in 5 slips over the heads of the metatarsals, and into the flexor tendon sheaths

Question 5

Layer I of the foot

Answer 5

Abductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digiti minimi
(medial to lateral)

Question 6

Layer II of the foot

Answer 6

Quadratus plantae (straightens the function of the tendons of flexor digitorum longs)
Lumbricales
Tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Tendon of flexor hallucis longus

Question 7

Layer III of the foot

Answer 7

Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
(medial to lateral)

Question 8

Layer IV of the foot

Answer 8

Plantar interossei
Dorsal interossei
Tendon of fibulas longus
Tendon of tibias posterior

Question 9

Dorsal interossei

Answer 9

Dorsal aBductors and bipennate (2 heads)

Question 10

Plantar interossei

Answer 10

Plantar aDductors and unipennate (1 head)

Question 11

Superficial fibular nerve

Answer 11

cutaneous to most of the dorsum of the foot EXCEPT tips of toes

Question 12

Deep fibular nerve

Answer 12

extensor hallucis brevis, extensor digitorum brevis and sensory between 1st and 2nd toes

Question 13

Dorsum cutaneous innervation

Answer 13

Saphenous (medial ankle)
Superficial fibular nerve (most of foot and lateral ankle)
Sural nerve (lateral side of foot to ankle minus toe)
Lateral plantar (distal toe and half of forth)
Medial plantar (tips of toes 1-3.5)
Deep fibular (between first and second toe)

Question 14

Plantar cutaneous innervation

Answer 14

Sural, tibial, saphenous, lateral and medial plantar

Question 15

Tibial nerve

Answer 15

passes under the medial malleolus and divides beneath the abductor helices m into medial and lateral plantar nerves

Question 16

Medial plantar

Answer 16

supplies 1st lumbrical, abductor helices, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, and continues as cutaneous branches to medial 3.5 toes including dorsal tips

Question 17

Lateral plantar

Answer 17

supplies quadratus plantae, abductor digiti minimi then divides into a superficial (flexor digit minimi braves, 4th interosseous) and deep branch (adductor helices, 1-3 interposes, 2-4 lumbricales) then continues as cutaneous branch to lateral 1.5 toes including dorsal tips

Question 18

Tibial nerve injury

Answer 18

loss of foot and toe flexion, loss of foot inversion, wasting of calf muscles; sensory loss on sole of foot and tips of toes

Question 19

Common fibular nerve injury

Answer 19

foot-drop and loss of toe extension; sensory loss lateral leg and dorsum of foot

Question 20

Sciatic nerve injury

Answer 20

wasting of all hamstrings and muscles of leg and foot; sensory loss to back of thigh and leg, lateral leg and plantar foot

Question 21

Inferior gluteal nerve injury

Answer 21

wasting of buttock, weakness in thigh extension; no sensory loss

Question 22

Superior gluteal nerve injury

Answer 22

Trendelenburg sign (pelvis tilts down on side opposite injury); no sensory loss

Question 23

Obturator nerve injury

Answer 23

Wasting of medial thigh, loss of thigh adduction; sensory loss upper medial thigh

Question 24

Femoral nerve injury

Answer 24

wasting of anterior thigh, leg drop (inability to extend leg when thigh is flexed), weakness in thigh flexion (loss of Rf, sar, pect); sensory loss anterior to thigh and medial leg/ foot