food storage/transport/cohesion tension model

Question 1

name 1 plant that has a root modified to store food?

Answer 1

carrot

Question 2

name 1 plant that has a stem modified to store food?

Answer 2

potato

Question 3

name 1 plant that has leaves modified to store food?

Answer 3

onion bulb

Question 4

can you explain the meaning that all plants have an autotrophic nature?

Answer 4

all plants make their own foods

Question 5

why do plants need a transport system?

Answer 5

to provide the materials needed for various plant metabolic processes: photosynthesis, respiration, reproduction

Question 6

what materials need to be transported?

Answer 6

• water and minerals
• food
• oxygen
• carbon dioxide

Question 7

can you explain how water enters the root? And how water moves across to the xylem?

Answer 7

water enters the root hairs located at the zone of differentiation.
Water enters the root by osmosis.
Water then moves by diffusion from the root hair to the ground tissue and then reaches the xylem

Question 8

can you explain the upward movement of water?

Answer 8

root pressure= the push forcing water up through the stem caused by the flow of water into the root hairs by osmosis.

transpiration= the evaporation of water from the surface of a plant.

Question 9

can you explain how root pressure and transpiration move water up the stem?

Answer 9

• root pressure is the push forcing water up through the stem caused by the flow of water into the root hairs by osmosis
• transpiration is the evaporation of water from the surface of a plant

Question 10

can you explain how the cuticle and stomata function in controlling water loss from the plant?

Answer 10

cuticle: plants have a cuticle on the upper surface. Water can’t pass through the cuticle. This stops transpiration through the upper surface where the rate of evaporation would be high because it is the surface that faces the sun. The presence of a cuticle helps to reduce excessive loss of water.

the stomata only has 2 guard cells that surround the opening. These cells are capable of swelling and shrivelling. When they shrivel the stomata are closed= reduces water loss. When they swell= open, increases water loss

Question 11

Explain how minerals are absorbed by the root?

Answer 11

minerals enter the root through the root hairs. They are absorbed by active transport which requires energy in the from of ATP

Question 12

Can you explain how the minerals are transported?

Answer 12

minerals are transported in xylem with water because they are dissolved in solution

Question 13

state 2 ways a leaf gets carbon dioxide?

Answer 13

• carbon dioxide in the air= comes in through the stomata then diffuses through the air spaces and into the palisade and spongy cells.
• product of respiration= carbon dioxide is produced in the cells of the leaf through cellular respiration within the leaf.

Question 14

2 Irish scientists that came up with the cohesion tension model?

Answer 14

Henry Dixon and John Joly

Question 15

explain the term cohesion?

Answer 15

similar molecules sticking to each other. each water molecule is strongly attached to the other by hydrogen bonding

Question 16

explain the term adhesion?

Answer 16

different molecules sticking to each other. water and xylem

Question 17

can you explain how tension arises in the xylem?

Answer 17

each water molecule pulls the next one behind it, creating tension. Caused by the pull of transpiration.