Food security Flashcards
How does the physical environment pose serious challenges for our ability to produce food?
-water supply
-natural hazards
-unpredictable rainfall patterns
-ozone depletion
-conflict-burn crop fields
-low soil fertility
-desertification
-seasons
what is food security?
-when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe ,nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life.
what are the pillars of food security?
-availability
-access
-utilization
-governance
what is in included in the availability pillar of food security?
-production
-water supply
-technologies
-soil
-climate
-bulk buying
-trade
what is included in the access pillar of food security?
-transport
-distribution
-price
-trade
-land
-shop
What is included in the utilization pillar of food security?
-clean water
-sanitation
-storage
-nutritious
What is included in the governance?
-fair trade
-charities and NGOs
-Empowering communities
-International assistance
-technical assistance
-sustainable development
What is the challenge about land and food security?
-Around half the exploitable land surface in the world is now already in use to produce food. Usable land is in short supply and so we have a diminishing capacity to create more farmland.
What is undernutrition?
Undernutrition is the deficiency of calories of one or more essential nutrients -less than department health minimum.
what are some general patterns of food production and consumption?
- increased proportion of food is produced for commercial markets rather than domestic market
-food travels increased distances
-demand for seasonal food is higher in richer nations
-many countries are net importers of food- do not produce enough food domestically to fill the gap
-commercialisation of crops from poorer nations due to actions of TNCs
-agriculture exports make up as massive percentage of poorer countries export earnings
what is malnutrition?
Malnutrition is a condition that develops due to deprivation of vitamins- sufficient calories in a day but not have a balanced diet
What is globalisation?
Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming more connected often through trade
What are geopolitics of food?
Relates to the way in which the geography of economics and the distribution of resources links with the politics of a nation- e.g small trade war between USA and France up to 2009
What is free trade?
Free trade means goods can be easily traded between nation states.
what is protectionist?
This measure subsidising domestic industries and taxing or adding tarrifs to foreign ones in aid in aid of protecting the citizens of their own countries.
What is the WTO?
WTO is the world trade organisation- they aim to liberate trade, negotiate trade agreements and settle disputes.
What is irrigation?
irrigation is the artificial application of water to land. It is used in agriculture to supplement rainfall and increase crop production.
What is the green revolution?
The green revolution was a great increase in the production of food grains that resulted in large part from the introduction into developing countries of new, high yield varieties beginning in mid-20th century
What is aqua culture?
It is controlled cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustacea, algae and other organisms of value
What is Aeroponics?
Aeroponics is where plants are suspended in the air and their roots are misted with water and nutrients.
What is Hydroponics?
Hydroponics are when plants grow in a pro row material and receive nutrients through water that filters through the material.
What is Urban Farming?
Urban Farming involves the cultivation of crops and the raising of animals within or around urban and suburban areas.
What are methods of Reducing food waste?
-check fridge to only buy what you need
-beware of date labels
-ask for smaller portions
-improving product development
-connect potential food donors to hunger relief organizations
-recycle food waste for compost, bioenergy and natural fertalizers
-use preservation methods like pickling and freezing
