Food Health and Nutrition Flashcards
What are 7 components of a balanced diet?
carbs, protein, fat, fibre, vitamins, minerals and water
All elements found in proteins:
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen.
Identify the bonds in the following molecules:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates: Glycosidic
Proteins: Ester linkage
Fats: Peptide Bonds
Nucleic Acids: Phosphodeister Bonds
How does the digestive system work in the mouth?
Food is broken down physically by chewing
Analyze from saliva also helps break it down
What happens in the stomach in digestion?
Stomach produces Pepsin to break down proteins
Hydrocloric acids kills bacteria
Contracts muscular walls
What does bile do?
Neutralizes Acid from the stomach
Breaks blocks of fats into smaller ones using emulsification’
Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder
What happens in the small and large intestines in digestion?
In the small intestine, food is absorbed into the bloodstream, an enzyme is used to aid digestion. the pancreas sends pancreatic fluid to the small intestine containing enzymes.
The water goes into the large intestine which absorbs the excess water,
Leaves behind feces which are stores in the rectum until they are removed.
What is villi for?
Increase the surface area of the small intestine so that food can diffuse into the bloodstream faster.
Good blood supply to maintain concentration gradient.
What are lipids?
Lipids have oils and fats, fats are solid and oils are liquid.
What are lipids?
Lipids have oils and fats, fats are solid and oils are liquid.
What are the functions and monomers of Carbohydrates and Lipids?
Carbohydrates are a fast source of energy
Made of monoscacharides
Lipids are made of Fatty acids and Glycerol
They provide insulation
Fats are a good source of long-term energy, they store energy for a long time.
They make up cell membranes
Excessive amounts are bad for health
What does a monomer mean?
Its a small building block that makes larger substances.
Whats an example of each biomolecule?
Carbs
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Carbs: Bread
Lipids: Cholesterol
Proteins: Meat and Beans
Nucleic Acids:
What are the functions and monomers of proteins and nucleic acids?
Proteins are good for building muscle
Good for the immune system
They are good for enzymes
Very important for structure and function
Their monomers are amino acids
Nucleic acids include DNA AND RNA
They are made of nucleotides
Contains all genetic information
Whats the structure of
Carbs
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
?
Carbs - Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Lipids - Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Proteins - Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen
Nucleic Acids - Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Oxygen
