Food biotechnology

Question 1

Define food biotechnology

Answer 1

using biologically derived molecules, structures, cells to carry specific processes

Question 2

Food fermentation

Answer 2

wet food stuff undergoes microbial degradation ( edible/Inedible

Question 3

what was the first product of fermentation

Answer 3

alcoholic fermented followed fruits by fermented cereal

Question 4

What is traditional fermentation technology classified by

Answer 4

By material obtained from bioconversion:
alcohol
carbon dioxide
amino acid

Question 5

What is a fermentation formula

Answer 5

glucose> 2 ethanol+ 2CO2

Question 6

Tell lactic acid fermentation examples

Answer 6

sour fermenters of flour dough, milk, cereal, veg

Question 7

What were the most important food preservation types before industrial revolution (18th century)

Answer 7

fermentation and drying

Question 8

who began scientific control of fermentation.

Answer 8

Luis Pasteure

Question 9

Enzymes 1926

Answer 9

first isolation of crystalline form of an enzyme from urea

Question 10

roles of: glucose isomerase 
amylases
celluloses and pectinases
lactase
rennin 
papain 
hemicellulose and cellulase

Answer 10

to make sign glucose corn starch 
for saccharification of starch in backing and brewing 
for juice clarification 
to make low lactose milk
cheese making
for tenderising meat
to extract vegetable oil

Question 11

Biotechnology in 20th century

Answer 11

able to achieve mass production of amino acids, nucleic acids, organic acids and antibiotics

Question 12

according to mass production which one was the largest produced

Answer 12

acetic acid- ethanol 95%

Question 13

steps of pruction food biotechnology products

Answer 13

extraction of enzyme from crops> C-sources+Microorganisms fermented> Biomass>recovery and Purification >Evaporation and crystallisation=Liquid feed+Fertiliser

Recovery Purification> crystallising and drying >fermented products (organic acids) >bioconversion of chemical synthesis (vitamins)>fine products

Question 14

What are products of Industrial Microbiology

Answer 14

Vitamins- B12, cobalt increases yield

Riboflavin - synthesised by many microbes +bacteria (Yeats and fungi)

Question 15

What was first application of GMO in food

Answer 15

Production of food enzymes

Question 16

Food enzymes

Answer 16

higher activity and are more tolerant to extreme working conditions

Question 17

1980

Answer 17

GM foods first introduced

Question 18

numbers of microbial enzymes used in food

Answer 18

150 used in food production and 40 produced for GM microorganisms