Food as Medicine Flashcards
What is food insecurity?
limited or uncertain access to adequate food
What is nutrition insecurity?
lack of consistent and equitable access to healthy, safe, affordable foods that promote well-being, prevent disease, and treat disease.
Describe the food security pyrimid.
High Food Security: Consistent access to adequate food
Marginal Food Security: Difficulties at times, but no reduction in quality, varitey, or quantity of food
Low Food Security: Reduced quality, variety, and desirability of food; may present as food anxiety, diet monotony
Very Low Food Security: Disrupted eating patterns, reduced food intake, calorie-dense/cost-effective foods
What are the rates of food insecurity in the United States?
- 13.5% overall (1 in 7)
- 18.5% children (1 in 5)
What are the rates of food insecurity in Indiana?
- 13.9% overall (1 in 7)
- 18.2% children (1 in 5)
What are the rates of food insecurity in Indianapolis?
- 14.0% overall (1 in 7)
- 23.9% children (1 in 4)
What are the risk factors for food insecurity?
- Households with children
- single parent/caregiver households
- People of Color or LGBTQIA+ individuals
- Households in rural and urban communities
- Households with a member who has a chronic illness and or diasability
What are the root causes of food insecurity?
- limited access
- unemployment
- expenses>income
- government policies
- health conditions
- inequities
- discrimination
50% of health ourcomes are driven by social determinants.
How is the cycle of food insecurity related to chronic disease?
Food insecurity –> Dietary Quality and Eating Behaviours decrease bandwidth –> chronic disease –> health care expenditures increase while employability decreases –> the spending tradeoffs increase as househould income decrease
What is the impact of food insecurity on pediatric health?
Newborns= birth complications, defects, and low weight
Infants and young children= developmental issues, poor growth, inappropriate feeding practices
Adolescents= depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation
What is the impact of food insecurity on adult health?
- Increased risk of chronic conditions- HTN, DM, CHD, hepatitis, stroke, cancer, arthritis, COPD, CKD, obesity
- Difficulty managing existing conditions
- Chronic stress, anxiety, depression, and poor mental health
58% of households have a member with high BP
33% of households have a member with diabetes.
Explain sensitive screening
- Screen universally so no patient feels singled out and to prevent care team from making assumptions
- Be discreet
- Reassure families
- Provide a list of available resources to all families
What is a food insecurity screening?
- FI exists in every community and area of practice
- Screening can: identify root causes of health problems, connect patients to appropriate resources, and reduce healthcare costs and utilization
- Insurance Requirements
In practice:
- Patient encounter
- Food Insecurity screening (2 questions)
- Refer to food resources
What are interventions in the situation of food insecurity?
- Medical interventions such as refering to RDN
- Offer connections to resources that can help improve the patient/family health- warm referrals preferred
- Document and track screenings/interventions in EHR
- Advocate for programs/poicies that address food insecruity and its root causes
What are factors that infuence food/nutrition security?
- Accessibility
- Availability
- Usability
What federal programs exist to help with food insecurity
- Income based eligibility
- All ages- SNAP
- Houshoulds with children- WIC, school meals
- Participation in SNAP is associated with: food insecurity, health care costs, risk for obesity, heart disease, diabetes, skipping needed medications, nursing home admissions, and hypoglycemia-related hospital admissions
Briefly describe Eskenazi Health Food and Nutrition Initiatives.
- Eskenazi Health Medically Tailored Meals via Meals on Wheels of Central Indiana for EMBRACE
- Food is Medicine programs- Crooked Creek Pantry @ Eskenazi, Gleaners Food Bank
- Fresh for You market at Basile Pavillion and Fresh for You market on Wheels voucher problems
- Marion County Produce Prescroption program
- Indy Urban Acres Veggie Box program
- Sky Farm Produce program
- SNAP outreach
- SNAP and Fresh Bucks acceptance at Fresh for You Markets
- Farming Initiatives
What is Pecar Health Center?
It is an OP primary care center that specializes in…
* Specialty care
* Mental health services
* Wellness programs
* Financial planning
* Legal Services
Also has the Crooked Creek Food Pantry…
* Partnership with Eskenazi and Gleaners since 2015
* Client Choice Food Pantry
Explain Food as Medicine 2: Home Delivery System
- Established in 2020
- Referals from all primary care at Eskenazi
- Medically tailored boxes
- Delivered to homes
Descrine Food As Medicine 3: Fresh for You Market Voucher Program
- Fresh for you market
- Fresh for you market on wheels
What is Produce RX?
- Marion County Health Department
- Fresh Produce for 1 year
- $90 a month
- 4 Nutrition Classes for 1 month
What are the outcomes for Eskenazi’s Initiatives?
Prior to Food Is Medicine Pantry Program
* 90% - Experience worry about running out of food
* 37% - Run out of food by the end of the month
After this program
- 87%- Increased the number of fruits and vegetables regularly purchased
- 90%- Increased the number of fruits and vegetables regularly eaten
- 85%- Increased the number of fruits and vegetables regularly enjoyed
