Food and behaviour Flashcards
What is the definition of malnutrition?
Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients.
What are two forms of malnutrition?
Undernutrition - wasting, underweight, micronutrient deficiencies
Overweight - obesity, diet-related non communicable diseases i.e heart disease, stroke
What are 4 early influences on feeding behaviour?
Maternal diet and taste preference development –> amniotic fluid influenced by maternal diet
Role of breastfeeding
Parenting practices
Other practices: age of introduction of solid food, types of food exposed to during weaning period and beyond
Advantages of breast feeding?
Acceptance of novel food during weaning
Less picky eaters during childhood
Children tend to have a diet richer in fruit and vegetables
What are some parental feeding practices?
Restriction Providing a variety of foods Authoritarian parenting Indulgent feeding practices Not using food as reward --> using it as a reward does not work
What is the difference between eating disorder and disordered eating?
Eating disorder - clinically meaningful behavioural or psychological pattern associated with eating and distress i.e anorexia
Disordered eating; inappropriate compensatory behaviours that do not warrant a clinical diagnosis i.e binge-eating
4 theories to explain obesity and meaning for each?
Externality theory of obesity - obese individuals respond to external cues, with sensory food cues
Restraint theory - dieters end up overeating once they exceed their dietary boundary, because they have a larger range between hunger and satiety levels
The boundary model - unrestrained eaters are intuitive and regulate food intake without conscious effort
Goal conflict theory: chronic dieters experience conflict between 2 incompatible goals - eating enjoyment and weight control. Individuals are motivated to pursue a weight loss goal, but pervasive food cues prime the goal of food enjoyment “external eating”.
