Food Allergy Flashcards
What is adverse food reaction?
Any abnormal reaction resulting from ingestion of a food
Food intolerance =
Non-allergic food hypersensitivites
Food intolerance (Non-allergic food hypersensitivites)
Adverse response caused by eg metabolic disorder
Food hypersensitivity/allergy:
Adverse immunologic reactions that might be due to IgE or non-IgE mediated immune mechanism
Pecentage of children below 2yrs of age with food allergy?
6%
Percentage of neonates woth milk allergy?
3-5%
Perrcentage of neonates that outgrow the milk allergy by 5th birthday?
80%
Percentage of children with egg allergy?
1,5%
Percentage of children with adverse reactions to food additives?
0,5%-1%
Food allergens - children
- milk
- egg
- pea nuts
- soy
- wheat
- fish
- shellfish
Food allergens - adults
- pea nuts
- nuts
- fish
- shellfish
TABLE
Slide 8
What are the risk factors for allergy?
- genetical
- enviromental
- immature state of the mucosal barrier play role in the inceased prevalence of food allergy in the first few years of life
What are the enviromental risk factors for allergy?
- improper diet (early introduction of strong allergens)
- mother diet during lactation
- GI infection
Food hypersensitivity disorder (that is IgE mediated):
- GI: vomiting, diarrhea, oral allergy syndrome, GI anaphylaxis
- Cutaneous: urticaria, angioedema
- Respiratory: rhinoconjuctivitis, wheezing
- Generalized: anaphylactic shock
Food hypersensitivity disorder (that is IgE and cell mediated):
- GI: allergic eosinophilic esophagitis, allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis
- Cutaneous: atopic dermatitis
- Respiratory: asthma
Food hypersensitivity disorder (that is cell mediated):
GI: food protein-induced enterocolitis, proctocolitis, entheropathy syndrome, celiac disease
- Cutaneous: contact dermatitis, dermatitis herpetiformis
- Respiratory: food induced pulmonary hemosiderosis
What is Oral allergy syndrome elicited by?
-Elicited by a variety of plant proteins that cross react with airborne allergens especially birch, ragweed, mugwort pollens
What are the symptoms of oral allergy syndrome?
- pruritus
- angioedemaof the lips, palate, tongue, oropharynx
- sensation of tightness in the throat
Food associated with OAS
- Carrot, celery – birch, mugwort
- Tomato - grass
- Zucchini - ragweed
- Apple, pear,apricot, kiwi – birch
- Banana - ragweed
- Orange - grass
How is the gastrointestinal anaphylaxis typically presented as?
Gastrointestinal anaphylaxis typically presens as acute nausea, colicky abdominal pain, vomiting and generally occurs with allergic manifestations on the other target organs
What is allergic eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroenteritis?
Infiltartion of the esophagus, stomach, and/or intestinal walls with eosinophils, basal zone hyperplasia and peripheral eosinophilia
What are the typical symptoms of eosinophilic esophagitis and gastroenteritis?
- dysphagia
- abdominal pain
- vomiting
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Gastrointestinal food hypersensetivities:
Food protein-induced enteropathy, celiac disease typically diarrhea, abdominal distention, weight loss, nausea
Cutaneous food hypersensetivies:
- urticaria
- atopic dermatitis
- dermatitis herpetiformis
- contact dermatitis
Urticaria:
Pruritus, hives and/or swelling
Atopic dermatitis:
Marked pruritus, eczematous rash in classic distribution
Dermatitis herpetiformis:
Papulovesicular rash over extensir surfaces and buttocks
Contact dermatitits:
Marked pruritus, rash
