Food

Question 1

Why do we need food

Answer 1

•Energy
•Growth and repair of all cells
•Supply materials and energy needed for processes of metabolism and continuity

Question 2

What are the 3 trace elements

Answer 2

•iron
•copper
•zinc

Question 3

What are the 6 components of food

Answer 3

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

Question 4

What is a bio molecule

Answer 4

A chemical substance made in the cells of a living organism

Question 5

Name the 6 common elements in food

Answer 5

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur

Question 6

Name the 5 elements in dissolved salts

Answer 6

Sodium
Magnesium
Chlorine
Potassium
Calcium

Question 7

What are the elements in Carbohydrates

Answer 7

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
(CHO)

Question 8

What is the general formula of a carb

Answer 8

Cx (H2O)y

Question 9

What are the three kinds of carbohydrates

Answer 9

Monosaccharides (one sugar unit)
Disaccharides (two sugar units)
Polysaccharides (many sugar units)

Question 10

Definition of “monosaccharides”

Answer 10

Monosaccharides are single sugar molecules

Question 11

Monosaccharides are:

Answer 11

Simple sugars
Solvable in water
Sweet tasting
Buildings blocks for all other carbohydrates
Eg. Glucose

Question 12

Definition of disaccharides

Answer 12

Two monosaccharide sugar units joined together

Question 13

Disaccharides are:

Answer 13

Soluble in water
•C12 H22 O11

Question 14

Definition of Polysaccharides

Answer 14

Many monosaccharide sugar molecules joined together

Question 15

Polysaccharides are:

Answer 15

Not soluble in water
Do not taste sweet
Eg. Celluose

Question 16

What happens to fats and oils at room temperature

Answer 16

Fats are solid
Oils are liquid

Question 17

Sources of lipids

Answer 17

Butter
Avocado
Fat on meet

Question 18

Structure of lipids

Answer 18

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
~no set ratio

Question 19

What are the two types of lipids

Answer 19

Triglycerides
Phospholipid

Question 20

What are vitamins

Answer 20

Biomolecules that are essential, organic catalysts of metabolism

Question 21

What vitamins are needed in our diet to stay healthy

Answer 21

A
B
C
D
E
K

Question 22

What are the two water soluble vitamins

Answer 22

B and C

Question 23

What are the functions of Vitamin C

Answer 23

Helps build connective tissue

Question 24

What is the deficiency disease associated with Vitamin C and what are its symptoms

Answer 24

Scurvy , soft bleeding gums and loose teeth

Question 25

What are the fat soluble vitamins

Answer 25

A D E K

Question 26

Function of vitamin D

Answer 26

Keep bones and teeth healthy

Question 27

Deficiency disease of Vitamin D and it’s symptoms

Answer 27

Osteomalacia, bones losing calcium and becoming weak

Question 28

What elements are always present in protein

Answer 28

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen

Question 29

What is protein needed for

Answer 29

The growth and repair of all cells

Question 30

What are proteins made of

Answer 30

Amino acids

Question 31

What is the structural role of Carbohydrates

Answer 31

They give cells strength Eg. Cellulose in cell walls

Question 32

Give an example of a structural protein

Answer 32

Keratin, found in skin, hair and nails

Question 33

What is a structural role of a lipid

Answer 33

They help to waterproof the body

Question 34

What is the metabolic role of carbs and lipids

Answer 34

Carbohydrates and lipids are the primary sources of energy for metabolism

Question 35

Metabolic role of proteins

Answer 35

Enzymes control the rate of reactions in cells

Question 36

Metabolic role of vitamins

Answer 36

Vitamin C ~ helps form connective tissues like skin and gums Vitamin D ~ the absorption of calcium for healthy bones and teeth

Question 37

Why is water important to organism ( 5 reasons )

Answer 37

•Water is a universal solvent •Water provides a medium for reactions to take place in cells •Water is slow to heat up and cool down •Water is a good absorber of energy •Water allows movement of materials in and out of cells

Question 38

What are the 2 main kinds of metabolic reactions

Answer 38

Anabolic and Catabolic

Question 39

What are anabolic reactions

Answer 39

Anabolic reactions use energy to make bigger molecules from smaller molecules using enzymes Eg. Photosynthesis

Question 40

What are catabolic reactions

Answer 40

Catabolic reactions release energy when bigger molecules are broken down from smaller ones using enzymes Eg. Respiration