Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of living things and how they interact with each other and their environment

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2
Q

Environment

A

All the conditions in which the organism lives, which affect the growth and development of an organism

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of organism interacting with each other and their environment

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4
Q

Habitat

A

The particular place in an ecosystem where an organism lives and has adapted to

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5
Q

Biosphere

A

The part of the earth where living organisms are found

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6
Q

How is Carbon removed from the atmosphere

A

Photosynthese

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7
Q

How is carbon added to the atmosphere

A

Respiration and decay

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8
Q

Nutrient recycling

A

The way in which elements are continuously broken down and reused by organisms in an ecosystem

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9
Q

Biotic factors

A

Living factors that affect an organism

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10
Q

Abiotic factors

A

Non living affecting organisms

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11
Q

Climatic factors

A

The average weather conditions affecting an organism

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12
Q

Edaphic factors

A

Factors that affect soil

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13
Q

What is the primary source of energy for our planet

A

The sun

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14
Q

Food chain

A

A diagram that shows how energy is passed through a serious of organisms

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15
Q

Tropic level

A

The position of an organism in a food chain

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16
Q

Food web

A

A series of interconnected food chains

17
Q

How much energy is lost at each trophic level

A

90%

18
Q

4 trophic level food chain

A

Sunflower~>Snail~>Frog~>Fox

19
Q

Limitations of a pyramid of numbers

A

•Doesn’t account for the size of each organism in pyramid of numbers

20
Q

Niche

A

Functional role of an organism in an ecosystem

21
Q

Pollution

A

Any harmful addition to the enviromemt

22
Q

Pollutant

A

a chemical of human origin that causes harm to the environment

23
Q

What are the different types of pollution

A

Industrial
Agricultural
Domestic
Water

24
Q

An example of an inverted pyramid of numbers

A

[ Ladybirds ]
[ Aphids ]
[oak tree]

25
Q

Predation

A

The catching, killing and eating of an organism

26
Q

Predator

A

An animal that catches, kills and eats another organism

27
Q

Prey

A

An animal that is caught, killed and eaten by the predator

28
Q

Positives of predation

A

•Stabilizes the community numbers
•Control the number of herbivores so no overgrazing
•Predators eliminate the weaker prey

29
Q

Adaptations of Predators

A

Hawks have excellent eye sight for catching prey

30
Q

Adaptations of prey

A

Rabbits have excellent hearing so they can identity when a predator is near

31
Q

Symbiosis

A

Where 2 organisms live in close association where at least 1 benefits

32
Q

Parasitism

A

When 2 organisms live in close association and 1 benefits from the hosts existence

33
Q

Population

A

A group of organism of the same species

34
Q

Competition

A

The active struggle or fight between organisms of the same or different special for rescources that are limited

35
Q

Contest competition

A

An active physical confrontation between 2 organisms with one clear winner

36
Q

Scramble competition

A

When 2 or more organisms all have access to the recourse

37
Q

4 factors affecting human population

A

•Famine
•War
•Contraception
•Disease