FOI: The Learning Process (Task B)

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

Change in behavior as a result of experience

Question 2

Learning Theory

Answer 2

BICC

• Behaviorism- explains behavior from observable and measurable responses to stimuli
• Information Processing Theory- Uses a computer system as a model fro human learning
• Cognitive Theory- focuses on what’s goin on inside the mind
• Constructivism- Learner actively build…

Question 3

Perceptions

Answer 3

• Where all learning comes from, using the five senses

- The more senses, the better the learning

Question 4

Types of Perceptions and Insight

Answer 4

G-STEP

• Goals and values
• Self-concept
• Time and Opportunity
• Element of threat
• Physical Organism

Question 5

Insights

Answer 5

• Grouping perceptions into meaningful wholes

- Students develop insights by assembling perceptions into larger blocks of knowledge

Question 6

Acquiring Knowledge

Answer 6

MUC

• Memorization
• Understanding
• Concept Learning

Question 7

The laws of learning

Answer 7

REEPIR

• Readiness
• Exercise
• Effect
• Primacy
• Intensity
• Recency

Question 8

Three Domains of Learning

Answer 8

CAP

• Cognitive (thinking)
• Affective (feeling)
• Psychomotor (doing)

Question 9

Types of Cognitive Learning

Answer 9

4 practical levels of learning RUAC
-Rote- Memorization
-Understanding- Understands principles and theory behind knowledge
-Application- Understand theory and apply what has been learned
-Correlation- associates learned elements with other segments of learning
Think of ways things can be explained and related to other knowledge to build up to correlation

Question 10

Types of Affective Learning

Answer 10

ARVOI

• Awareness- student is open to learning/training and willing to listen to the instructor
• Response- student responds by actively participation
• Value-determines value of training
• Organizing
• Integration

Question 11

Types of Psychomotor learning

Answer 11

HIPO

• Habit
• Imitation
• Practice
• Observation

Question 12

Characteristics of Learning

Answer 12

PEAM

• Purposeful- clear purpose or goal
• Experience-learn through individual experience
• Active process- students must actively react and respond
• Multifaceted- Incidental learning

Question 13

Acquiring Skill Knowledge

Answer 13

CAA

• Cognitive Stage- student memorized step to a skill
• Associative Stage- Practices skill, now assess and make changes in performance
• Automatic Response Stage- students performance is rapid and smooth

Question 14

Types of Practice

Answer 14

DBR

• Deliberate- Practicing specific areas for improvement
• Blocked- practicing the same skill over and over again until its automatic
• Random- Mixing up skills to be acquired during the practice session

Question 15

Scenario Based Training

Answer 15

HIC

• Has a clear set of objectives
• Is tailored to the needs of the students
• Capitalizes on the subtle differences of the local environment

Question 16

Types of Errors

Answer 16

Slip- Plans to do one thing, but inadvertently does something else (errors of actions)
Mistakes- When a person plans to do the wrong thing and is successful (errors of plan)

Question 17

How to reduce error

Answer 17

DR CULT

• Developing routines - use standardized procedures
• Raising awareness- beware of out of the ordinary situation
• Check for errors- actively looking for errors
• Using Reminders- checklist, heading bugs, altitude alerts
• Learning and practicing- higher knowledge and skill leads to lower frequency and magnitude of error
• Taking time and don’t rush- performing at a faster or unfamiliar pace can increase the likelihood of error

Question 18

Memory and forgetting

Answer 18

SSL

• Sensory- receives input from the five senses.
• Short term- received from sensory register
• Long term memory- info stored for further use

Question 19

Forgetting

Answer 19

RIFRS
-Retrieval failure- simply inability to retrieve info
-Interference- people for get because new experience overshadow prior experience
-Fading- forgetting something over time
-Repression
Suppression

Question 20

Retention of learning

Answer 20

MRLAMP

• Meaningful repetition aids recall
• Recall is prompted by association
• Learning with all the senses is most effective
• Attitudes that are favorable to aid retention
• Mnemonics
• Praise stimulates recall

Question 21

Mnemonics

Answer 21

AARC

• Acronyms
• Acrostics
• Rhymes
• Chaining

Question 22

Transfer of Learning

Answer 22

Positive transfer- past knowledge assists new learning

Negative transfer-past knowledge confuses from new learning