Focus on Nursing Pharmacology nurs 317

Question 1

A muscle spasm often results from
a.damage to the basal ganglia.
b.CNS damage.
c.injury to the musculoskeletal system.
d.chemical imbalance within the CNS.

Answer 1

c

Question 2

Muscle spasticity is the result of
a.direct damage to a muscle cell.
b.overstretching of a muscle.
c.tearing of a ligament.
d.damage to neurons within the CNS.

Answer 2

d

Question 3

Signs and symptoms of tetanus, which include severe muscle spasm, are best treated with
a.baclofen.
b.diazepam.
c.carisoprodol.
d.methocarbamol.

Answer 3

d

Question 4

The drug of choice for a patient experiencing severe muscle spasms and pain precipitated by anxiety is
a.methocarbamol.
b.baclofen.
c.diazepam.
d.carisoprodol.

Answer 4

c

Question 5

Dantrolene (Dantrium) differs from the other skeletal muscle relaxants because
a.it acts in the highest levels of the CNS.
b.it is used to treat muscle spasms as well as muscle spasticity.
c.it cannot be used to treat neuromuscular disorders.
d.it acts directly within the skeletal muscle fiber and not within the CNS.

Answer 5

d

Question 6

The use of neuromuscular junction blockers may sometimes cause a condition known as malignant hyperthermia. The drug of choice for prevention or treatment of this condition is
a.baclofen.
b.diazepam.
c.dantrolene.
d.methocarbamol.

Answer 6

c

Question 7

Dantrolene is associated with potentially fatal cellular damage. If your patient’s condition is being managed with dantrolene, the patient should
a.have repeated complete blood counts during therapy.
b.have renal function tests done monthly.
c.be monitored for signs of liver damage and have liver function tests done regularly.
d.have a thorough eye examination before and periodically during therapy.

Answer 7

c

Question 8

Spasmolytics, or centrally acting muscle relaxants, block the reflexes in the CNS that lead to spasm. While a patient is taking one of these drugs, which interventions should be implemented?
a.Rest for the affected muscle
b.Heat to the affected area
c.Ice packs to the affected area
d.Use of antiinflammatory agents
e.Body temperature check every 2 hours to watch for malignant hyperthermia
f.Positioning to decrease pain and spasm

Answer 8

a,b,d,f

Question 9

Muscle relaxants would be used in which circumstances?
a.To treat spasticity related to spinal cord injury
b.To treat spasticity that contributes to locomotion, upright position, or increase in function
c.To treat spasticity that is related to toxins, such as tetanus
d.To treat spasticity that is a result of neuromuscular degeneration
e.To reduce the severity of head position associated with cervical dystonia
f.To reduce the appearance of frown lines (glabellar lines)

Answer 9

a,c,d,e,f