Focus on Nursing Pharmacology nurs 317

Question 1

Drugs that are best used to cause a patient to sleep are called
a.hypnotics.
b.sedatives.
c.antiepileptics.
d.anxiolytics.

Answer 1

c

Question 2

The benzodiazepines are the most frequently used anxiolytic drugs because
a.they are anxiolytic at doses much lower than those needed for sedation or hypnosis.
b.they can also be stimulating.
c.they are more likely to cause physical dependence than older anxiolytic drugs.
d.they do not affect any neurotransmitters.

Answer 2

c

Question 3

Barbiturates cause liver enzyme induction, which could lead to
a.rapid metabolism and loss of effectiveness of other drugs metabolized by those enzymes.
b.increased bile production.
c.CNS depression.
d.the need to periodically lower the barbiturate dose to avoid toxicity.

Answer 3

d

Question 4

A person who could benefit from an anxiolytic drug for short-term treatment of insomnia would not be prescribed
a.zolpidem.
b.zaleplon.
c.buspirone.
d.meprobamate.

Answer 4

b

Question 5

Anxiolytic drugs block the awareness of and reaction to the environment. This effect would not be beneficial
a.to relieve extreme fear.
b.to moderate anxiety related to unknown causes.
c.in treating a patient who must drive a vehicle for a living.
d.in treating a patient who is experiencing a stress reaction.

Answer 5

d

Question 6

Mr. Jones is the chief executive officer of a large company and has been experiencing acute anxiety attacks. His physical examination was normal, and he was diagnosed with anxiety. Considering his occupation and his need to be alert and present to large groups on a regular basis, which anxiolytic would be the drug of choice for Mr. Jones?
a.Phenobarbital
b.Diazepam
c.Clorazepate
d.Buspirone

Answer 6

d

Question 7

The benzodiazepines react with
a.GABA receptor sites in the RAS to cause inhibition of neural arousal.
b.norepinephrine receptor sites in the sympathetic nervous system.
c.acetylcholine receptor sites in the parasympathetic nervous system.
d.monoamine oxidase to increase norepinephrine breakdown.

Answer 7

d

Question 8

A pediatric patient is prescribed phenobarbital preoperatively to relieve anxiety and produce sedation. After giving the injection, you should assess the patient for
a.acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
b.bone marrow depression.
c.paradoxical excitement.
d.withdrawal syndrome.

Answer 8

c

Question 9

In assessing a client who is experiencing anxiety, the nurse would expect to find which conditions?
a.Rapid breathing
b.Rapid heart rate
c.Fear and apprehension
d.Constricted pupils
e.Decreased abdominal sounds
f.Hypotension

Answer 9

a,c,d

Question 10

Your client has a long history of anxiety and has always responded well to diazepam. She has just learned that she is pregnant and feels very anxious. She would like a prescription for diazepam to get her through her early anxiety. What rationale would the nurse use in explaining why this is not recommended?
a.This drug is known to cause a predictable syndrome of birth defects, including cleft lip and pyloric stenosis.
b.Babies born to mothers taking benzodiazepines may progress through a neonatal withdrawal syndrome.
c.Cardiac defects and small brain development may occur if this drug is taken in the first trimester.
d.This drug almost always causes loss of the pregnancy.
e.The hormones the body produces during pregnancy will make you unresponsive to diazepam.
f.This drug could have adverse effects on your baby; we should explore nondrug measures to help you deal with the anxiety.

Answer 10

a,c,d