Focus

Question 1

‘Is it racist to criminalise ‘African’ FGM/C and not…

Answer 1

vaginal cosmetic surgery? Why/why not?’

Question 2

Harmful Traditional Practices (HTPs) and Honour-Based Violence (HBC - main focus is the…

Answer 2

intersection of crime, gender and culture

Question 3

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
YES:
-Dynamics and motivations for intimate partner/familial murders are…

Answer 3

very similar

Question 4

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
YES:
-Control of sexuality/sexual jealousy, accusations of affairs, control of women, reproductive and women’s movements/choices think about

Answer 4

CC

Question 5

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
YES:
-Shame, whilst not explicitly referred to IS a factor in the majority of…

Answer 5

DA

Question 6

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
YES:
-To have 2 different terms =

Answer 6

western double standard
racist
othering

Question 7

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
NO:
-Unique characteristics and challenges for…

Answer 7

CJS

Question 8

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
NO:
-Usually multiple perpetrators and implicit/explicit approval of wider community =

Answer 8

collective crime

Question 9

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
NO:
-Estimates that 1 in 8 honour killing in UK carried out by…

Answer 9

hired men

Question 10

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
NO:
-Often pressure on victim to…

Answer 10

commit suicide to ‘spare’ relatives

Question 11

Is HBV simply DA and should we understand it as such?
NO:
-Police and other agencies need to be aware of specific dynamics of HB to investigate properly and put adequate safety procedures in place for..

Answer 11

victims

Question 12

DO WE NEED A SEPARATE TERM? IF WE DO, WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR…

Answer 12

VICTIMS AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Question 13

DO WE NEED A SEPARATE TERM? IF WE DO, WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR VICTIMS AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE?

Negative implications (5):

Answer 13

• Othering
• Can play into stereotypes and prejudice
• Cultural Essentialism
• Cultural Relativism
• Can reduce some victims’ access to formal justice, some perpetrators can potentially escape justice or receive a lesser punishment

Question 14

NEGATIVE IMPLICATIONS:

Othering can result in primary focus on…

Answer 14

religion/ethnicity

Question 15

NEGATIVE IMPLICATIONS:

Cultural essentialism, e.g. ‘all muslims’ are the same, it presents a diverse group as…

Answer 15

monolithic = racist

Question 16

NEGATIVE IMPLICATIONS:

Cultural relativism, is to treat different groups…

Answer 16

differently

Question 17

DO WE NEED A SEPARATE TERM? IF WE DO, WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR VICTIMS AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE?

Positive implications (5):

Answer 17

• DA too often trivialised by society
• In some countries HBV treated as a private matter, less serious
• Need to make HBV ‘visible’ in order to tackle the problem
• Raise awareness of the specific needs of victims
• Raise awareness of the often higher levels of risk involved so police, etc. deal with it effectively

Question 18

Key theme = the label of…

Answer 18

HBV