Fluoroquinolones

Question 1

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Answer 1

PO, IV (Ciloxan ophth)

Question 2

Gemifloxacin (Factive)

Answer 2

PO

Question 3

Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

Answer 3

PO, IV (Quixin ophth)

Question 4

Lomefloxacin (Maxaquin)

Answer 4

PO

Question 5

Moxifloxacin (Avelox)

Answer 5

PO, IV (Vigamox ophth)

Question 6

Norfloxacin (Noroxin)

Answer 6

PO (Chibroxin ophth)

Question 7

Ofloxacin (Floxin)

Answer 7

PO, IV (Floxin Otic ophth)

Question 8

Sparfloxacin (Zagam)

Answer 8

PO

Question 9

Mechanism of Action

Answer 9

Inhibit the replication of the bacteria by interfering with two bacterial enzymes, DNA gyrase and topoisomerase

Question 10

Antibacterial Spectrum

Answer 10

excellent gram -, some gram +, almost no anaerobic
Urinary Tract and prostate infections
Commmunity acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas Infections
Pelvic infections (Chlamydia trachomatis)
Anthrax
Some skin and soft tissue infections

Question 11

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 11

Oral absorption is excellent, IV is same as oral

Excreted renally, some liver metabolism

Question 12

Drug Interactions

Answer 12

Chelation, take on an empty stomach for best oral absorption, some have cytochrome p450 interactions

Question 13

Adverse Drug Reactions

Answer 13

GI upset, photosensitivity, Hypersensitivity, CNS: HA, confusion especially in elderly, seizure potential (rare), Prolonged QT interval, Hypoglycemia, Tendonitis, Peripheral neuropathy, don’t use in children unless second line treatment

Question 14

Contraindications

Answer 14

breastfeeding, pregnancy, children <18