Fluoroquinolones Flashcards
Fluoroquinolones - MOA
Inhibits two bacterial type IIA topoisomerase (DNA gyrase & type IV topoisomerase). This makes the DNA unstable and biologically inactive.
What affects absorption of fluoroquinolones?
Calcium
Iron
Magnesium
Zinc
Fluoroquinolones - highest concentration in which tissues
Lungs, kidney, liver, gallbladder, prostate, female reproductive tissues
Norfloxacin - indicatons
ONLY UITs
Original fluoroquinolones (1 drug)
Ciprofloxacin
Advanced fluoroquinolones (3 drugs)
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
Gemifloxacin
Ciprofloxacin - indications
UTIs, prostatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease.
ANTHRAX
Fluoroquinolones - indications
Bacterial diarrhea, traveler’s diarrhea, intra-abdominal, bone, joint, skin infections, febrile neutropenia. Drug-resistant tuberculosis. Bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers
Which drug is used for anthrax
Ciprofloxacin
Gemifloxacin & moxifloxacin - indications
Respiratory tract inf (sinusitis, bronchitis), community-aqcuired pneumonia
Drugs most commonly used for corneal ulcers
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones - adverse effects
Tendonitis, tendon rupture, QT prolongation, ventricular tachycardia, hypo- & hyperglycemia, seizures, photosensitivity (dermatitis)
Persons at increased risk of tendonitis & tendon rupture during fluoroquinolone treatment:
Over 60 years, corticosteroid treatment, kidney, heart, lung transplantations
Fluoroquinolones - contraindications
Pregnancy, nursing women, children, adolescents
Fluoroquinolones - interactions + the drugs that are especially associated with this
Ciprofloxacin + norfloxacin: inhibit caffeine and theophylline metabolism
