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Sectional Anatomy > Fluoro/Contrast Procedures > Flashcards

Fluoro/Contrast Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

IVU is an examination of the

A

Urinary system

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2
Q

IVP is an examination of the

A

Renal pelvises

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3
Q

IVU are used to visualize

A

Minor and major calyces
Renal pelvises
Ureters
Bladder

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4
Q

T/F - IVU is considered a functional test?

A

True

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5
Q

What are the 3 purposes of an IVU?

A
  1. Visualize collection portion
  2. Assess functional quality of kidneys
  3. Evaluate for pathologies
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6
Q

What are contraindications to IVUs?

A
  1. Allergic to contrast
  2. Anuria (absense of urine production)
  3. Multiple myeloma
  4. Diabetes
  5. CHF
  6. Liver or kidney disease
  7. Pheochromocytoma (tumor of adrena gland)
  8. Sickle cell anemia
  9. Taking metformin or glucophage
  10. Renal failure
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7
Q

Patient prep for IVU

A

NPO 8 hours
Enema before exam
Void before exam

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8
Q

What are the benefits of ureteric compression during IVU?

A
  1. Enhances filling of the pelvicalyceal system
  2. Retains contrast longer
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9
Q

How is compression used for IVU?

A

-Device is placed before contrast
-2 paddles are placed of the outer pelvic brim

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10
Q

What is an alternative to using compression paddles?

A

Trendelenburg position (head lowered 15 degrees)

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11
Q

Protocol for IVU

A
  1. Scout
  2. Note the exact start time and duration of contrast injection
  3. 1 min nephrogram
  4. 5 min AP supine
  5. 10-15 min AP supine
  6. 20 min post obliques
  7. Postvoid (prone or erect)
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12
Q

When is a T-tube Cholangiography performed?

A

After Cholecystectomy

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13
Q

Reasons for placement of T-tube

A

Residual stones
Strictures

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14
Q

Contraindications for T-tube

A

Allergic to iodine
Acute infection
Elevated creatinine or BUN levels

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15
Q

Patient prep for T-tube

A

NPO 8 hours

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16
Q

What is the injection procress for a T-tube

A
  1. T-tube catheter is clamped off
  2. Drainage of excess bile
  3. Contrast is injected
17
Q

What is the removal process if stones are found after T-tube placement?

A

A basket catheter will be passed over guidewire to remove stones

18
Q

Where is the T-tube placement?

A

Common hepatic and bile ducts

19
Q

An HSG demonstrates:

A

Uterus and fallopian tubes

20
Q

Where are female reproductive organs located? (true or false pelvis)

A

True pelvis

21
Q

Purpose of HSG

A

To see the patency of the uterine tubes

22
Q

Clinical indications for HSG

A
  1. Infertility
  2. Pelvic masses, fistulas, spontaneous abortions, congenital defects
  3. Evaluation after tubal ligation or surgery
23
Q

Contraindications for HSG

A
  1. Pregnancy
  2. Acute pelvic inflammatory disease
  3. Active uterine bleeding
24
Q

Patient prep for HSG

A

Laxative
Mild pain reliever
Empty bladder

25
Q

Tenaculum may be used during HSG. What is a tenaculum?

A

An instrument with a hooked clamp for gathering and holding tissues and structures in place

26
Q

What is a retrograde cystogram?

A

Nonfunction study of the bladder

27
Q

Retrograde cystograms are performed to rule out:

A
  1. Trauma
  2. Calculi
  3. Tumor
  4. Inflammatory disease
28
Q

Patient prep for retrograde cystogram

A
  1. Empty bladder
  2. Catherer is inserted using aseptic technique
  3. Bladder is filled with contrast (150-500 mL)
  4. Contrast runs in by gravity only
29
Q

Positioning for retrograde cystogram

A

AP
LPO & RPO

30
Q

What is a voiding cystogram

A

Functional study of bladder and urethra

31
Q

Clinical indications for voiding cystogram

A
  1. Trauma
  2. Posterior urethral valves (impede urine flow)
  3. Incontinence
32
Q

Procedure for voiding cystogram

A

Done after retrograde cystogram:
1. Catheter is removed
2. Female is AP or slightly oblique; male is 30 degrees RPO
3. Images are taken during voiding and postvoid

33
Q

Retrograde urethrogram is perfomed on? (males or females)

A

Males

34
Q

What is used to inject contrast for retrograde urethrogram?

A

Brodney clamp

35
Q

What is the patient positioning for retrograde urethrogram?

A

30 degree RPO

36
Q

In retrograde urethrogram, urethra is superimposed over:

A

Right thigh

Sectional Anatomy (3 decks)

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