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Sectional Anatomy > Chapter 12 Biliary Tract > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Biliary Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the liver located

A

RUQ, extends below the 10th rib

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2
Q

How much does the liver weigh?

A

3-4 pounds

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3
Q

What does the liver produce? Where is it stored? How much is produced?

A

Produces bile
Stored in the gallbladder
1 quart/day

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4
Q

How many lobes are in the liver?

A

2 major
2 minor

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5
Q

What are the two major lobes? Which is bigger?

A

Left and right; right is bigger

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6
Q

What separates the two major lobes?

A

Falciform ligament

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7
Q

What are the two minor lobes? Where are they located?

A

Quadrate - between the gallbladder and falciform ligament

Caudate - posterior to the quadrate lobe

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8
Q

What contours over the surface of the caudate lobe

A

Inferior vena cava

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9
Q

From the liver, bile travels to the _______ or directly to the _______

A

Gallbladder
Duodenum

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10
Q

What duct is formed from the right and left hepatic ducts combining

A

Common hepatic duct

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11
Q

What does the common hepatic duct turn into?

A

The common bile duct

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12
Q

The common bile duct joins the pancreatic duct before it empties into the duodenum through the:

A

Hepatopancreatic sphincter (sphincter of Oddi)

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13
Q

What percentage of people have a separate opening for the common bile duct and pancreatic duct?

A

40%

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14
Q

How long is the common bile duct?

A

3 in (7.5cm)

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15
Q

Where is the common bile duct located

A

Behind the superior portion of the duodenum and head of the pancreas

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16
Q

Where does the common bile duct empty after connecting with the pancreatic duct

A

Descending portion of the duodenum

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17
Q

What is the appoximate size of a gallbladder

A

3-4 in (7-10 cm) long and 1 in (3 cm) wide

18
Q

What are the 3 parts of the gallbladder

A

Fundus
Body
Neck

19
Q

What is the distal end of the gallbladder

A

Fundus

20
Q

What is the narrow proximal end of the gallbladder and what duct does it make?

A

Neck; cystic duct

21
Q

How much bile is stored in the gallbladder

A

30-40 CC’s (2-2.5 tbsp)

22
Q

What is the best position to empty the gallbladder

A

Supine

23
Q

What are the 3 functions of the gallbladder

A

Store bile
Concentrate bile
Contract

24
Q

How is bile concentrated in the gallbladder

A

Removal of water - hydrolysis

25
Q

When does the gallbladder contract

A

When fats or fatty acids are in the duodenum

26
Q

What hormone causes the gallbladder to contract and the bile duct to open

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

27
Q

How long is the cystic duct?

A

1.5 in (3-4 cm)

28
Q

What is the spiral valve?

A

Several membranous folds along the length of the cystic duct

29
Q

What does the spiral valve prevent

A

Distention or collapse of the cystic duct

30
Q

Where is the gallbladder located for an asthenic person?

A

Near the iliac crest and close to the midline

31
Q

What position does an asthenic person need to be in to best visualize the gallbladder

A

35-40 LAO (move spine away from gallbladder)

32
Q

Where is the gallbladder located for a sthenic/hyposthenic person?

A

Between xiphoid tip and lower lateral rib margin

33
Q

What position does an sthenic/hyposthenic person need to be in to best visualize the gallbladder

A

20-25 degree LAO

34
Q

Where is the gallbladder located for a hypersthenic person?

A

Located high and more lateral

35
Q

What position does an hypersthenic person need to be in to best visualize the gallbladder

A

15-20 degree LAO

36
Q

What modality is the best way to visualize the gallbladder

A

Ultrasound

37
Q

The gallbladder and biliary ducts cannot be seen on a diagnostic radiograph unless the patient has:

A

Contrast media

38
Q

What is an OCG?

A

Oral cholecystogram

39
Q

What are possible reasons to have an OCG?

A

Nausea
Heartburn
Vomitting

40
Q

What forms gallstones?

A

Increased levels of bilirubin, calcium, or cholestrol

41
Q

Who is at a greater risk of getting gallstones?

A

Women, especially pregnant women

42
Q

When is milk calcium bile best demonstrated?

A

Right lateral decub

Sectional Anatomy (3 decks)

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