Fluorine Toxicity Flashcards
1
Q
Sources of fluoride?
A
Any liquid with over 4ppm of Fluoride India water Industrial work exposure Lab vapor exposure Meds such as niflumic acid Fluoride containing Wine
2
Q
Acute Sx of fluoride exposure?
A
Nausea, vomiting, Loss of appetite
constipation
Toxic nephritis
3
Q
Chronic exposure Sx?
A
Joint pain and restricted motion, back stiffness, restricted respiratory movements functional dyspnea dental alterations paraplegia Palpable thickening of the bones
4
Q
Dental Fluorosis appearance?
A
Mottled enamel Polished appearance of teeth with minute opaque flecks Eventually: depressions or pits Teeth hypoplasia irregular dental roots with resorption
5
Q
Characteristic area of involvement in Fluorosis?
A
Axial (spine, pelvis, ribs)
6
Q
Radiographic appearance of skeletal fluorosis?
A
Osteosclerosis first (occasionally osteopenia)
radiodense “chalky” appearance
Skull and tubular bones relatively spared
Bony excrescenses, ligamentous calcification
periosteal thickening (when profound: periostitis deformans)
7
Q
Complications of Fluorosis?
A
Kyphosis Restricted motion (spine, chest) Joint contractures (hips, knees) Genu Valgum Neurologic sx (weak, paresthesia, sensory, etc.)
8
Q
Reversibility of changes in fluorosis?
A
Sclerotic changes are somewhat reversible
Other changes not so much
9
Q
Fluoride is sometimes used to treat what skeletal condition?
A
Osteoporosis
