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anesthesia 2 > fluids and the body > Flashcards

fluids and the body Flashcards

1
Q

h2o is distributed between three types of compartments

A

cells, blood vessels, interstitial tissue

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2
Q

metabolic acidosis

A

bicarb deficit

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3
Q

metabolic alkalosis

A

bicarb excess

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4
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

carbonic acid excess

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5
Q

respiratory alkalosis

A

carbonic acid deficit

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6
Q

fluids should be at body temp for who

A

geriatrics and neonates, hypothermic pt

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7
Q

LRS, 0.9% NaCl maintains

A

tissue perfusion

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8
Q

what solution replaces fluid, electrolyte loss

A

LRS, isotonic

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9
Q

using what provides a patent vein

A

LRS

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10
Q

if acidosis is critical- medicate with

A

Na bicarb IV

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11
Q

extracellular-

A

anion

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12
Q

intracellular-

A

cation

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13
Q

primary extracellular electrolytes

A

Na
Cl
bicarb

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14
Q

primary intracellular electrolytes

A

phosphate

K

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15
Q

fluid balance depends on

A

electrolyte balance

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16
Q

movement from high to low

A

diffusion

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17
Q

movement from low to high

A

osmosis

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18
Q

blood buffers work together to maintain..

A

ration of carbonic acid and bicarbonate

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19
Q

route is determined by

A

age, size, vein status

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20
Q

fluid type is chosen by

A

acidotic.alkalotic
hypovolemic
shock/edema
dehydration

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21
Q

what catheter for jugular

A

thru the needle catheter

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22
Q

what needle for cephalic

A

over the needle

23
Q

can infusion pumps be adjusted

A

yes

24
Q

what machine gives desired amount at desired rate

A

infusion pumps

25
Q

IP is normally given

A

exotics/neonates

26
Q

IO

A

the second fastest way

27
Q

pool route

A

SQ

28
Q

oral route is only indicated when

A

minimal fluid is lost, can swallow

29
Q

what kind of fluids to use SQ

A

isotonic

30
Q

routes used with mild dehydration

A

IP and SQ

31
Q

route used for severe dehydration

A

IV

32
Q

contains crystals/salts dissolved in a solution

A

crystalloids

33
Q

indications of _____- fluid/electrolyte loss, maintenance, shock, disease

A

crystalloids

34
Q

crystalloids are similar to

A

plasma fluid

35
Q

more concentrated than plasma

A

hypertonic

36
Q

less concentrated than plasma

A

hypotonic

37
Q

dont use isotonic with ___

A

cardiac disease

38
Q

what solution will make blood clot

A

LRS

39
Q

has increased Na and Cl and is lactate free

A

LRS

40
Q

dont use LRS with what kind of patients

A

acidotic

41
Q

multisol- R and Normosol-R are free of, good for

A

calcium, liver faliure

42
Q

used in cases of edema

A

hypertonic

43
Q

hypertonic is always given __, NE VER

A

IV, SQ

44
Q

colloid of choice

A

dextram 70

45
Q

maintains osmotic pressure of blood

A

albumin

46
Q

aids in the treatment of liver disease, replaces volume

A

plasma

47
Q

patients with increased metabolic needs (sepsis, hyperthyroidism) get this additive

A

50% dextrose

48
Q

what additive is measured in mEq

A

potassium

49
Q

used as a supplement for electrolyte imbalance, anorexic, diuretic patients

A

potassium

50
Q

given IV slow drip

A

potassium

51
Q

sodium acidosis corrects

A

acidosis

52
Q

usually given “to effect”

A

calcium

53
Q

decreases possibility of respiratory acidosis

A

LRS

anesthesia 2 (7 decks)

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