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anesthesia 2 > dental prophylaxis > Flashcards

dental prophylaxis Flashcards

1
Q

deciduous/permanent teeth - dog

A

28 D

42 P

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2
Q

deciduous/permanent teeth - cat

A

26 D

30 P

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3
Q

triadan for adults and pediatric

A

adults -upper Right (100) upper left (200) lower left (300) lower right (400)
pediatric - add 400 to each.

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4
Q

canines #
last premolar #
first molar #
incisors #

A

Canine 04
L.Premolar 08
F.Molar 09
Incisor 01

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5
Q

how many molars do dogs and cats have

A

dogs- 2 molars

cats- 1 molar

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6
Q

what is a fairly accurate way to tell an animals age

A

the time of tooth eruption

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7
Q

deciduous teeth erupt when? when are they ALL present by?

A

erupt at 2-4 weeks old. all present by 7 weeks.

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8
Q

permanent teeth erupt when? when are they ALL present by?

A

erupt 3-4 months

all present 6-7 months

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9
Q

which teeth are usually the last to fully erupt

A

adult canines

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10
Q

what should also occur when an animal is coming in for spay/neuter

A

remove any deciduous teeth. they should be permanent at 6-7 months.

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11
Q

top foramen and bottom foramen

A

top- infraorbital foramen
bottom- mental foramen
used to inject lidocaine and bupivicaine

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12
Q

“over-shot” jaw or “parrot mouth” AKA

A

brachygnathic

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13
Q

what occurs during parrot mouth/ overshot jaw/ brachygnathic

A

overbite. lower jaw is significantly shorter than upper jaw.

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14
Q

Class II of distoclusion is also known as

A

parrot mouth/ overshot jaw/ brachygnathic. overbite

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15
Q

“undershot” jaw AKA

A

prognathism

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16
Q

what occurs during undershot jaw, or prognathism

A

underbite. lower jaw is longer than upper jaw

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17
Q

class III or mesioclusion is also known as

A

undershot jaw or prognathism. underbite

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18
Q

level bite

A

incisors meet flatly. difficult chewing

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19
Q

Class I malocclusion is also

A

neutroclusion

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20
Q

what is it called when maxillary/mandible are correctly proportioned, but one of two teeth are misaligned

A

neutroclusion

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21
Q

the misaligned teeth in a neutroclusion can cause what?

A

palatal tissue damage

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22
Q

how to repair a misaligned tooth

A

a bracket is glued onto canine to make tooth rotate outward

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23
Q

one portion of the mandible or maxilla is effected, which makes the skull longer than the other. this is called..

A

wry mouth

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24
Q

wry mouth is when one segment of the jaw is …

A

disproportionately sized relative to the other half

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25
Q

polydontia is common with what two teeth

A

incisors and molars

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26
Q

polydontia teeth cause pain with chewing because… treatment

A

they are not meeting correctly. remove.

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27
Q

% of dogs with polydontia

A

9%

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28
Q

retained deciduous teeth is common in… causes

A

smaller breeds. overcrowding

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29
Q

retained deciduous teeth predisposes animal to

A

periodontal disease

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30
Q

what causes abnormal positioning of permanent teeth and should be extracted

A

retained deciduous teeth

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31
Q

anadontia/oligdontia

A

absense of teeth from dental arch

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32
Q

what can disqualify certain breeds from showing

A

anadontia or oligdontia

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33
Q

pulp is exposed if an animal has a

A

cavity

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34
Q

feline odontoclasty resorptive lesion FORL AKA

A

cavity in felines

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35
Q

you should always… if a cavity is seen

A

xray the mouth

36
Q

how to tell if an animal has a cavity. frequency of dogs/cats

A

they will chew on one side. occasional in cats, rare in dogs.

37
Q

gingivitis is common in..

A

cats

38
Q

gingivitis is a clinical sign of

A

FeLV or FIV

39
Q

vegetative endocarditis is due to what 2 things

A

inflammation and exudative presence

40
Q

vegetative endocarditis most commonly involves what parts of the heart

A

inner lining of cardiac chambers & heart valves.

41
Q

tumor: fibromatous epulis tumors are described how

A

smooth, pink, tough. my displace teeth. could be malignant.

42
Q

tumor: ossifying epulis are described how

A

hard, white in color. rough. calcium deposits. benign

43
Q

tumor: acanthomatous epulis- resembles what

A

a wart. benign

44
Q

breeds with heavily pigmented gums are usually most susceptible to what tumor

A

malignant melanoma

45
Q

malignant melanoma is a common neoplasia in

A

dogs

46
Q

most common malignant tumor that can occur in other places

A

squamous cell carcinoma

47
Q

fibrosarcoma usually originates from ..

A

tooth or tooth germ. common in cats and can occur in other locations

48
Q

tooth will darken a lot because of

A

tetracycline staining

49
Q

administration of tetracycline to ___ or ___

A

pregnant or young

50
Q

tetracycline has the affinity for

A

calcium

51
Q

enamel hypoplasia AKA

A

distemper teeth

52
Q

distemper teeth are described how

A

irregular, thin pitted enamel.

53
Q

enamel hypoplasia is usually a result of (4) things

A

nutritional deficiency
high fiber
heavy parasites during development
dog recovered from distemper

54
Q

inability to complete the eruption process.. is undetected and must be extracted

A

impaction

55
Q

foreign body is recognized by

A

rapid tongue movement and dysphagia

56
Q

carnassial abscesses- how it happens

A

infection gets into root of tooth, forms an abscess and goes into sinus cavity.. it erupts just under eye socket

57
Q

what arises from foreign body penetration of g. sulcus

A

carnassial abscesses

58
Q

how to treat carnassial abscesses

A

lance it, remove it, antibiotics

59
Q

two salivary glands

A

zygomatic, parotid

60
Q

what is the most common tooth for tartar and plaque.. why?

A

carnassial tooth. the salivary glands impact the tooth

61
Q

eosinophilic ulcers AKA

A

rodent ulcers

62
Q

how to treat eosinophilic ulcers

A

corticosteroids

63
Q

an allergy related lesion affecting felines

A

eosinophilic ulcer

64
Q

periodontal disease occurs with inflammation and destruction of

A

supporting structures of the teeth

65
Q

periodontal disease starts of plaque composed of these 3 things

A

food debris, sloughed cells, bacteria that live off of debris

66
Q

caused by toxic by products from bacterial digestion of plaque components- _____ dz

A

periodontal

67
Q

4 factors affect periodontal dz

A

breed, diet, age, lack of oral hygiene

68
Q

CS of ___?? halitosis, appetite loss, brown deposits, ulcers, root exposure, gingivitis, hemorrhage, lethargy

A

CS caused from tartar

69
Q

diagnosis of periodontal dz

A

oral exam, CS, probing

70
Q

treatment of PD

A

12 step dental procedure

71
Q

dog/cat depth of gingival sulcus

A

dog: 3 mm
cat: 1 mm

72
Q

most common solution for mouth rinse

A

sterile saline or chlorhexidine (0.1-0.2% diluted)

73
Q

two forms of chlorhexidine

A

diacetate and gluconate (preferred)

74
Q

solution to water ratio for mouth rinse

A

1:9 solution to water

75
Q

hand scaling vs ultrasonic scaling

A

hand- difficult, need pressure to remove tartar, stroke away from gums (coronally)
ultrasonic- easier, faster, causes damage if left on tooth too long

76
Q

how long to leave scaling on tooth

A

10-15 seconds MAX. usually 5 seconds

77
Q

polishing - why do it?

A

grooves from scaling holds plaque. smooth it down

78
Q

low speed of polishing (RPMs)

A

3,000 RPM

5,000 RPM

79
Q

can we brush deciduous teeth?

A

no. use wash cloth or finger brush

80
Q

fluoride helps to (2 things) and provides (1 thing)

A

desensitize sensitive teeth
strengthen enamel
provides: antibacterial activity in the mouth

81
Q

ultrasonic cleaning- water sprays over tip to help:

A

dislodge pieces of calculus. clean gingiva and sulcus.

82
Q

what cannot be used with chlorhexidine product

A

fluoride

83
Q

how frequently are tips replaced on ultrasonic cleaner

A

annually unless bent or broken

84
Q

what part of ultrasonic cleaner not to use and WHY

A

never use tip. it gets too hot. use the entire side

85
Q

pasturella multicida is breathed in if..

A

a mask isnt worn

86
Q

hold handpiece at what degree

A

0-15 degree angle

anesthesia 2 (7 decks)

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